Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Ghana Medical School (UGMS), University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School (UGMS), University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Sep 4;49:7. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.49.7.44173. eCollection 2024.
previous studies in African populations have not extensively described the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction using the profile of thyroid hormones. Although iodine deficiency is a common thyroid disorder in Africa, it does not represent the entire spectrum of thyroid dysfunction seen in patients. This retrospective study aimed to describe the spectrum of thyroid dysfunction among patients seen at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), a tertiary care hospital in Accra, Ghana.
a retrospective analysis of medical records of all consultations on thyroid disorders seen at the Internal Medicine Department of KBTH between January 2019 and December 2021 was conducted. Information on patient demographics, and thyroid hormone profiles (triiodothyronine - FT3, thyroxine - FT4, and thyroid stimulating hormone - TSH) were extracted and subjected to descriptive statistics. The thyroid hormone profiles of the subjects were analyzed and classified into thyroid dysfunction categories using guidelines from the American Thyroid Association (ATA).
out of the 215 patients with thyroid disorders enrolled, 85.1% (n=183) were females and 14.9% (n=32), were males. The mean age of patients was 45±14 years, with most of the patients within the age range of 31-50 years (49.3%; n=106). The most reported thyroid function dysfunction was primary hyperthyroidism (57.7%), followed by primary hypothyroidism (22.3%), subclinical hyperthyroidism (9.3%), euthyroid sick syndrome (6.5%), and subclinical hypothyroidism (4.6%) respectively.
primary hyperthyroidism was the most commonly diagnosed thyroid dysfunction. Hyperthyroidism has been associated with cardiac morbidity and mortality. Timely interventions are required to reduce the morbidity risks and burden associated with the hyperthyroid state.
以前在非洲人群中的研究并没有使用甲状腺激素谱广泛描述甲状腺功能障碍的情况。虽然碘缺乏症是非洲常见的甲状腺疾病，但它并不能代表在患者中看到的整个甲状腺功能障碍谱。这项回顾性研究旨在描述加纳阿克拉科勒布教学医院（KBTH）内科就诊的甲状腺功能障碍患者的甲状腺功能障碍谱。
对 2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间在 KBTH 内科就诊的所有甲状腺疾病患者的病历进行回顾性分析。提取患者人口统计学和甲状腺激素谱（三碘甲状腺原氨酸-FT3、甲状腺素-FT4 和促甲状腺激素-TSH）信息，并进行描述性统计。根据美国甲状腺协会（ATA）的指南，对研究对象的甲状腺激素谱进行分析和分类为甲状腺功能障碍类别。
在 215 例甲状腺疾病患者中，85.1%（n=183）为女性，14.9%（n=32）为男性。患者的平均年龄为 45±14 岁，大多数患者年龄在 31-50 岁之间（49.3%；n=106）。最常见的甲状腺功能障碍是原发性甲状腺功能亢进症（57.7%），其次是原发性甲状腺功能减退症（22.3%）、亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症（9.3%）、甲状腺毒症性疾病（6.5%）和亚临床甲状腺功能减退症（4.6%）。
原发性甲状腺功能亢进症是最常见的甲状腺功能障碍诊断。甲状腺功能亢进症与心脏发病率和死亡率有关。需要及时干预，以降低与甲状腺功能亢进状态相关的发病率风险和负担。
