Jahn Kelly N, Wiegand-Shahani Braden M, Lobarinas Edward
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
Callier Center for Communication Disorders, The University of Texas at Dallas.
Am J Audiol. 2024 Dec 2;33(4):1155-1163. doi: 10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00090. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
Hyperacusis (sound sensitivity) is well documented among adults, but little is known about hyperacusis in children. Here, we assess relationships among the presence of hyperacusis, audiometric profiles, and nonauditory factors in a pediatric clinical population.
A retrospective review of clinical records from 329 children, ages 2-17 years, was performed to assess the prevalence of hyperacusis and correlations among hearing status, behavioral or communication concerns, and the presence of hyperacusis.
In 329 study participants, 18% reported hyperacusis (58% male and 42% female). No significant sex or age differences were found. Hyperacusis was more likely to occur alongside normal hearing or with unilateral hearing loss relative to bilateral hearing loss. Among children with hyperacusis, there was a high prevalence of audiovestibular problems, mental health concerns, speech and language delays, difficulty in school, and behavioral problems. Tinnitus was also found to be comorbid with hyperacusis, but the comorbidity was less than that reported in adults.
This study identified common hearing profiles and critical comorbidities in a large clinical cohort of children with hyperacusis. These results demonstrate the urgent need for standardized multidisciplinary assessment and treatment protocols for pediatric hyperacusis.
成年人中对听觉过敏（声音敏感）已有充分记录，但儿童听觉过敏的情况却知之甚少。在此，我们评估儿科临床人群中听觉过敏的存在情况、听力图特征以及非听觉因素之间的关系。
对329名年龄在2至17岁儿童的临床记录进行回顾性分析，以评估听觉过敏的患病率以及听力状况、行为或沟通问题与听觉过敏存在之间的相关性。
在329名研究参与者中，18%报告有听觉过敏（男性占58%，女性占42%）。未发现显著的性别或年龄差异。与双侧听力损失相比，听觉过敏更有可能与正常听力或单侧听力损失同时出现。在有听觉过敏的儿童中，听觉前庭问题、心理健康问题、言语和语言发育迟缓、学习困难及行为问题的患病率较高。还发现耳鸣与听觉过敏共病，但共病情况低于成人报告的水平。
本研究确定了一大群患有听觉过敏儿童的常见听力特征和关键共病情况。这些结果表明迫切需要针对儿童听觉过敏制定标准化的多学科评估和治疗方案。
