Klapow Max C, Rosenblatt Andrew, Lachman Jamie, Gardner Frances
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
JMIR Pediatr Parent. 2024 Oct 7;7:e55726. doi: 10.2196/55726.
Parenting interventions are crucial for promoting family well-being, reducing violence against children, and improving child development outcomes; however, scaling these programs remains a challenge. Prior reviews have characterized the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of other more robust forms of digital parenting interventions (eg, via the web, mobile apps, and videoconferencing). Recently, chatbot technology has emerged as a possible mode for adapting and delivering parenting programs to larger populations (eg, Parenting for Lifelong Health, Incredible Years, and Triple P Parenting).
This study aims to review the evidence of using chatbots to deliver parenting interventions and assess the feasibility of implementation, acceptability of these interventions, and preliminary outcomes.
This review conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were used to conduct the search. Eligible studies targeted parents of children aged 0 to 18 years; used chatbots via digital platforms, such as the internet, mobile apps, or SMS text messaging; and targeted improving family well-being through parenting. Implementation measures, acceptability, and any reported preliminary measures of effectiveness were included.
Of the 1766 initial results, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies, primarily conducted in high-income countries (8/10, 80%), demonstrated a high mean retention rate (72.8%) and reported high acceptability (10/10, 100%). However, significant heterogeneity in interventions, measurement methods, and study quality necessitate cautious interpretation. Reporting bias, lack of clarity in the operationalization of engagement measures, and platform limitations were identified as limiting factors in interpreting findings.
This is the first study to review the implementation feasibility and acceptability of chatbots for delivering parenting programs. While preliminary evidence suggests that chatbots can be used to deliver parenting programs, further research, standardization of reporting, and scaling up of effectiveness testing are critical to harness the full benefits of chatbots for promoting family well-being.
育儿干预对于促进家庭幸福、减少针对儿童的暴力行为以及改善儿童发展成果至关重要；然而，扩大这些项目的规模仍然是一项挑战。先前的综述已经描述了其他更强大形式的数字育儿干预措施（例如通过网络、移动应用程序和视频会议）的可行性、可接受性和有效性。最近，聊天机器人技术已成为一种可能的方式，用于调整育儿项目并将其提供给更多人群（例如终身健康育儿、不可思议的岁月和三级预防育儿）。
本研究旨在回顾使用聊天机器人提供育儿干预措施的证据，并评估实施的可行性、这些干预措施的可接受性以及初步结果。
本综述对多个数据库进行了全面搜索，包括科学网、医学期刊数据库、Scopus、ProQuest和Cochrane对照试验中心注册库。使用Cochrane干预措施系统评价手册和PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南进行搜索。符合条件的研究针对0至18岁儿童的父母；通过数字平台（如互联网、移动应用程序或短信）使用聊天机器人；并旨在通过育儿改善家庭幸福。纳入了实施措施、可接受性以及任何报告的有效性初步措施。
在1766个初始结果中，有10项研究符合纳入标准。纳入的研究主要在高收入国家进行（8/10，80%），显示出较高的平均保留率（72.8%），并报告了较高的可接受性（10/10，100%）。然而，干预措施、测量方法和研究质量存在显著异质性，需要谨慎解释。报告偏倚、参与度测量操作化缺乏清晰度以及平台限制被确定为解释研究结果的限制因素。
这是第一项回顾聊天机器人用于提供育儿项目的实施可行性和可接受性的研究。虽然初步证据表明聊天机器人可用于提供育儿项目，但进一步的研究、报告的标准化以及有效性测试的扩大对于充分利用聊天机器人促进家庭幸福的全部益处至关重要。
