MMWR Suppl. 2024 Oct 10;73(4):94-103. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.su7304a11.
Schools are in a unique position to offer opportunities for students to be physically active throughout the school day and promote health and well-being. However, experiences that threaten safety or perceptions of safety might affect students' physical activity behaviors. Using the 2023 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, six physical activity behaviors and five negative safety and violence experiences were examined from a nationally representative sample of U.S. high school students. This report updates national estimates for physical activity behaviors overall and by sex, grade, race and ethnicity, and sexual identity. In addition, associations between negative experiences and physical activity behaviors were examined, stratified by sex, via unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios. Regardless of negative safety and violence experiences, male students had a higher prevalence of meeting aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and both aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines compared with female students. In adjusted models among female students, a positive association was observed between being threatened or injured with a weapon at school and meeting the aerobic guideline, meeting the muscle-strengthening guideline, and playing on ≥1 sports team. Among male students, positive associations were observed between witnessing neighborhood violence and meeting the aerobic guideline and the muscle-strengthening guideline. A negative association was observed between attending physical education classes on all 5 days and witnessing neighborhood violence among female students and being bullied electronically among male students. Physical activity might serve as a mechanism that students employ to cope with negative safety and violence experiences. Understanding current physical activity behaviors among students with these negative experiences will be useful for school leaders, teachers, and public health practitioners who influence physical activity infrastructure and programming in schools and work to support safe, supportive, and inclusive school environments for student health. Although future research is needed to further explore these associations, physical activity continues to be an important behavior to prioritize for adolescent health in the school setting.
学校在提供学生在整个学校日进行身体活动的机会方面具有独特的地位，并可促进健康和幸福感。然而，威胁安全或对安全的看法可能会影响学生的身体活动行为的体验。本研究使用 2023 年全国青少年风险行为调查，从美国全国代表性的高中生样本中检查了六种身体活动行为和五种负面安全和暴力经历。本报告更新了全国范围内所有身体活动行为的总体估计数，以及按性别、年级、种族和族裔以及性身份划分的估计数。此外，还通过未调整和调整后的流行率比，按性别分层检查了负面经历与身体活动行为之间的关联。无论负面安全和暴力经历如何，与女性学生相比，男性学生更有可能达到有氧运动、肌肉强化以及有氧运动和肌肉强化的身体活动指南。在调整后的女性学生模型中，观察到在校内受到威胁或受伤的武器与达到有氧运动指南、达到肌肉强化指南以及参加≥1 个运动队之间存在正相关关系。在男性学生中，观察到目睹邻里暴力行为与达到有氧运动和肌肉强化指南之间存在正相关关系。在女生中，上所有五天体育课与目睹邻里暴力之间存在负相关关系，而在男生中，被电子欺凌与目睹邻里暴力之间存在负相关关系。身体活动可能是学生用来应对负面安全和暴力经历的一种机制。了解具有这些负面经历的学生当前的身体活动行为，对于影响学校身体活动基础设施和项目并努力支持学生健康的安全、支持性和包容性学校环境的学校领导、教师和公共卫生从业人员将非常有用。尽管需要进一步研究来探索这些关联，但身体活动仍然是学校环境中青少年健康的一个重要行为。
