Pediatric Dermatology Service, High Specialty Medical Unit of the Dr. Gaudencio González Garza General Hospital, La Raza National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute.
Pediatric Dermatology Service, General Hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ministry of Health. Mexico City, Mexico.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2024;81(5):263-271. doi: 10.24875/BMHIM.24000067.
Pilomatricoma is a common benign adnexal neoplasm in children. There are few epidemiological studies on this subject, with most relying solely on descriptive statistics.
A cross-sectional study conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Mexico City from January 2017 to December 2023. Clinical and electronic records of patients with histopathological diagnosis of pilomatricoma, both sexes, under 18 years old, with any type of present comorbidity were selected. Records of patients with diagnosis not confirmed by histopathology or incomplete records were not included in the study.
Fifty-two cases with pilomatrixoma were included in the study, showing a total of 74 lesions. About 23.1% of the cases had multiple pilomatrixomas. 40.4% of the cases experienced pain; this symptom was associated with lesions > 15 mm in diameter and with multiple pilomatrixomas. Risk factors for lesions > 15 mm included age under 8 years, positive tent sign, tumor evolution longer than a year, and a non-classical clinical variety. The head and neck were the most commonly affected areas. The left upper extremity presented larger pilomatrixomas (median 18.5 mm) and occurred more frequently in adolescent patients (mean age 12.1 years) compared to other body areas.
Pilomatrixoma in children shows clinical diversity, with specific findings based on size, number, and anatomical location.
毛母质瘤是儿童常见的良性附属器肿瘤。关于这个主题的流行病学研究很少，大多数研究仅依赖描述性统计。
这是一项在墨西哥城的两家三级医院进行的横断面研究，时间范围为 2017 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月。选择了具有组织病理学诊断毛母质瘤的所有性别、年龄在 18 岁以下、有任何类型合并症的患者的临床和电子病历。未通过组织病理学确诊或记录不完整的患者记录不包括在研究中。
研究共纳入 52 例毛母质瘤患者，共 74 个病变。约 23.1%的病例有多个毛母质瘤。40.4%的病例有疼痛症状；这种症状与直径>15 毫米的病变和多个毛母质瘤有关。直径>15 毫米的病变的危险因素包括年龄<8 岁、阳性 tent 征、肿瘤病程>1 年和非典型临床类型。头颈部是最常受累的区域。左上肢的毛母质瘤较大（中位数 18.5 毫米），且更多见于青少年患者（平均年龄 12.1 岁），而不是其他身体部位。
儿童毛母质瘤表现出临床多样性，根据大小、数量和解剖位置有特定的表现。
