由一氧化氮与特定挥发性有机化合物及复杂混合物的光氧化作用产生的致突变性大气环境：反应汽油蒸气中芳香族致突变性的分配
Mutagenic Atmospheres Generated from the Photooxidation of NO with Selected VOCs and a Complex Mixture: Apportionment of Aromatic Mutagenicity for Reacted Gasoline Vapor.
作者信息
Krug Jonathan D, Riedel Theran P, Lewandowski Michael, Lonneman William A, Turlington John M, Zavala Jose, Warren Sarah H, Kleindienst Tadeusz E, DeMarini David M
机构信息
Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
出版信息
Atmos Environ (1994). 2024 Jun 25;334. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120668.
The interaction of sunlight with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from various sources results in mutagenic photooxidation products that contribute substantially to air pollution. Evaporation of gasoline is one such source of VOCs; however, no studies have evaluated the mutagenicity of the photooxidation products of gasoline vapors or of many of the non-aromatic constituent VOCs of gasoline. Here we determined the mutagenicity in TA100 of atmospheres generated in a steady-state atmospheric simulation chamber by irradiating gasoline and individual non-aromatic VOCs in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO) in air. In addition to gasoline, we evaluated α-pinene; 2-pentene; ethanol; isobutanol; isoprene; and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane). Cells were exposed at the air-agar interface to the atmospheres for 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 h. Atmospheres generated in the dark were not mutagenic. However, under irradiation all atmospheres other than that of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane were mutagenic, with mutagenic potencies spanning 8.6-fold. The mutagenicity was due exclusively to direct-acting, late-generation photooxidation products. The non-aromatic VOCs studied here contributed little to the mutagenic potency of the photooxidation products of gasoline. However, the sum of the mutagenic potencies of these atmospheres plus those from the photooxidation of some aromatic VOCs in gasoline measured here and elsewhere (Riedel et al., Atmos Environ, 178:164, 2018) accounted for 71% of the mutagenic potency of the photooxidation products of gasoline vapor. In photochemical mixtures with strong biogenic contributions, isoprene products may also contribute significantly to mutagenic potency. Strategies to reduce the emissions of gasoline and those VOCs whose photooxidation products are most mutagenic would reduce VOC-associated air pollution and improve public health.
阳光与各种来源排放的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）相互作用会产生致突变的光氧化产物，这些产物对空气污染有很大影响。汽油蒸发就是VOCs的一个来源；然而，尚无研究评估汽油蒸气光氧化产物或汽油中许多非芳香族成分VOCs的致突变性。在此，我们通过在空气中氮氧化物（NO）存在的情况下照射汽油和单个非芳香族VOCs，在稳态大气模拟室中测定了所产生大气在TA100中的致突变性。除了汽油，我们还评估了α-蒎烯、2-戊烯、乙醇、异丁醇、异戊二烯和2,2,4-三甲基戊烷（异辛烷）。细胞在空气-琼脂界面暴露于这些大气中1、2、4、8或16小时。在黑暗中产生的大气没有致突变性。然而，在光照下，除2,2,4-三甲基戊烷的大气外，所有大气都具有致突变性，致突变能力跨度为8.6倍。致突变性完全归因于直接作用的后期光氧化产物。此处研究的非芳香族VOCs对汽油光氧化产物的致突变能力贡献不大。然而，这些大气的致突变能力总和加上此处及其他地方（Riedel等人，《大气环境》，178:164，2018）测量的汽油中一些芳香族VOCs光氧化产生的大气的致突变能力总和，占汽油蒸气光氧化产物致突变能力的71%。在具有强烈生物源贡献的光化学混合物中，异戊二烯产物也可能对致突变能力有显著贡献。减少汽油以及光氧化产物致突变性最强的那些VOCs的排放策略，将减少与VOCs相关的空气污染并改善公众健康。
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