Viribay Aitor, Alcantara Juan M A, López Iker, Mielgo-Ayuso Juan, Castañeda-Babarro Arkaitz
Glut4Science, Physiology, Nutrition and Sport, 01004, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, 24071, Leon, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2025 Mar;125(3):715-728. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05636-7. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Citrulline (CIT) and beetroot extract (BR) supplements positively impacts exercise performance in elite rowers. However, its influence on metabolic outcomes such as whole-body volumes of oxygen consumption (VO) and carbon dioxide production (VCO), substrate oxidation, energy expenditure (EE), and gross efficiency remains unknown. We studied the effects of 1 week of daily co-supplementation of 3.5 g BR (500 mg NO) plus 6 g CIT on VO and VCO kinetics, substrate utilization, EE, and gross efficiency in elite male rowers compared to a placebo and to a BR supplementation.
Twenty elite rowers participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial completing 1 week of supplementation in each group of study: Placebo (PLAG); BRG; and BR-CITG. Efficiency (70% VO) and performance (incremental maximal) tests were performed, and gas-exchange data were collected via indirect calorimetry.
Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed no mean between-condition differences on respiratory exchange ratio (RER), EE, and gross efficiency in the efficiency test (all P > 0.06), and in the performance test (all P > 0.28). Moreover, in both tests no interaction Time × Supplement effects were observed for VO, VCO, RER, EE, substrate oxidation, and, gross efficiency (all P > 0.12).
After 1 week, no effects on energy metabolism and substrate utilization were observed after the daily co-ingestion of BR extract plus CIT supplement, therefore longer (> 7 days) and higher doses of supplementation might be needed to influence metabolism.
瓜氨酸（CIT）和甜菜根提取物（BR）补充剂对精英赛艇运动员的运动表现有积极影响。然而，其对代谢结果的影响，如全身耗氧量（VO）和二氧化碳产生量（VCO）、底物氧化、能量消耗（EE）和总效率，仍不清楚。我们研究了与安慰剂和BR补充剂相比，每天联合补充3.5克BR（500毫克NO）加6克CIT，持续1周对精英男性赛艇运动员的VO和VCO动力学、底物利用、EE和总效率的影响。
20名精英赛艇运动员参与了这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验，每组研究完成1周的补充：安慰剂组（PLAG）；BR组（BRG）；BR-CIT组（BR-CITG）。进行了效率（70%VO）和性能（递增最大值）测试，并通过间接量热法收集气体交换数据。
协方差分析（ANCOVA）显示，在效率测试中（所有P>0.06）和性能测试中（所有P>0.28），呼吸交换率（RER）、EE和总效率在不同条件下的均值没有差异。此外，在两项测试中，对于VO、VCO、RER、EE、底物氧化和总效率，均未观察到时间×补充剂的交互作用效应（所有P>0.12）。
1周后，每天联合摄入BR提取物加CIT补充剂对能量代谢和底物利用没有影响，因此可能需要更长时间（>7天）和更高剂量的补充来影响代谢。
