Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal and Museu de Diversidade Biológica, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Oct 7;96(4):e20231344. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231344. eCollection 2024.
The present study aims to disclose the importance existing protected areas (PAs) and their level of protection for the conservation of the threatened Brazilian butterflies. A total of 898 occurrence records were found for all 63 species of butterflies present in the current Brazilian Red list. For all studied taxa, at least one occurrence record is within the limits of a PA. More than half of the occurrence records (61.9%) are within the limits of PAs, but less than half (41.7%) of these records are present in fully protected areas. For 17 taxa (27%), less than 50% of their records are within PAs, thus being completely unprotected. For butterfly taxa in the category "critically endangered", 42.6% of their occurrence records falls outside PAs. Almost 99% of the records are concentrated in the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado, the two most threatened Brazilian biomes and global hostspots of biodiversity. In conclusion, the present study showed an important panorama of how threatened Brazilian butterflies are protected (or not). Anyway, it is important to highlight that for any record inside a PA, some level of protection is provided for these taxa against the advance of environmental destruction caused by human activities.
本研究旨在揭示现有保护区（PAs）的重要性及其对保护受威胁巴西蝴蝶的保护水平。目前巴西红色名录中 63 种蝴蝶的所有物种都发现了 898 个发生记录。对于所有研究的分类群，至少有一个发生记录在 PA 范围内。超过一半的发生记录（61.9%）在 PA 范围内，但其中不到一半（41.7%）记录在完全保护区内。对于 17 个分类群（27%），其记录中不到 50%在 PA 范围内，因此完全不受保护。对于被列为“极危”的蝴蝶分类群，其发生记录有 42.6%不在 PA 范围内。几乎 99%的记录集中在大西洋森林和塞拉多，这是巴西受威胁最严重的两个生物群落，也是全球生物多样性的热点地区。总之，本研究展示了一幅重要的画面，展示了受威胁的巴西蝴蝶是如何受到保护的（或未受到保护）。无论如何，值得强调的是，对于 PA 内的任何记录，都为这些分类群提供了一定程度的保护，以防止人类活动引起的环境破坏的进一步扩大。
