Caprara Gabriele Luiza, von Ameln Lovison Otávio, Martins Andreza Francisco, Bernardi Juliana Rombaldi, Goldani Marcelo Zubaran
Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde da Criança E Do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024 Dec;310(6):2889-2898. doi: 10.1007/s00404-024-07772-z. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
The aim of this study is to characterize the composition of the newborn gut microbiota based on the maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status and the delivery mode.
A biological sample was collected from the anal mucosa of the newborns between 24 and 48 h after delivery, as it was not possible to collect a meconium sample at that time. A general data collection questionnaire was administered. The microbiome of the samples was analyzed by next-generation sequencing of the hypervariable regions v3-v4 of the 16S gene. Alpha diversity analyses were performed using the Observed Richness and Shannon diversity index metrics and Beta diversity analyses were conducted using Nonmetric multidimensional scaling with Weighted Unifrac, Differential abundance analysis was performed using a Negative Binomial Wald Test with maximum likelihood estimation for coefficients of Generalized Linear Models.
Newborns of obese mothers exhibited lower alpha diversity compared to newborns of mothers with adequate BMI (body mass index). We observed variation in the composition of the microbial community in newborn stool samples, both from mothers with overweight/obesity and those with adequate pre-pregnancy BMI. We observed a visible correlation between the mode of delivery and the newborn's microbiota. We found variation in the overall composition of the microbial community in the stools of newborns, regardless of the delivery mode.
The results of our study demonstrate differences in the microbiota of neonates born via cesarean section compared to those born vaginally as well as differences in newborns of mothers with overweight/obesity compared to those with an adequate pre-pregnancy BMI.
本研究旨在根据母亲孕前营养状况和分娩方式来描述新生儿肠道微生物群的组成。
在分娩后24至48小时从新生儿的肛门黏膜采集生物样本，因为当时无法采集胎粪样本。发放了一份一般数据收集问卷。通过对16S基因高变区v3 - v4进行下一代测序来分析样本的微生物组。使用观察到的丰富度和香农多样性指数指标进行α多样性分析，使用加权非度量多维尺度分析进行β多样性分析，使用负二项式 Wald 检验和广义线性模型系数的最大似然估计进行差异丰度分析。
与体重指数（BMI）正常的母亲所生新生儿相比，肥胖母亲所生新生儿的α多样性较低。我们观察到超重/肥胖母亲和孕前BMI正常母亲所生新生儿粪便样本中微生物群落组成存在差异。我们观察到分娩方式与新生儿微生物群之间存在明显相关性。无论分娩方式如何，我们发现新生儿粪便中微生物群落的总体组成存在差异。
我们的研究结果表明，剖宫产出生的新生儿与阴道分娩出生的新生儿的微生物群存在差异，超重/肥胖母亲所生新生儿与孕前BMI正常母亲所生新生儿的微生物群也存在差异。
