School of Medicine, Madda Walabu University, Goba General Hospital, Goba, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, Madda Walabu University, Goba General Hospital, Goba, Oromia, Ethiopia.
J Med Case Rep. 2024 Oct 11;18(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s13256-024-04801-y.
Aspergillomas are globular growths of Aspergillus fumigatus, a benign aspergillosis of the lungs. It usually affects patients who are immunocompromised and have anatomically defective lung structures. The majority of aspergilloma cases are asymptomatic, despite the fact that 10% of cases spontaneously resolve. Most patients do not have any symptoms from their lesions. Direct serological or microbiological evidence of an Aspergillus species along with radiologic evidence is required for the diagnosis of an aspergilloma.
We describe a 35-year-old adult Oromo male patient who had been experiencing night sweats, an intermittent productive cough with sparse whitish sputum, loss of appetite, and easy fatigability for 3 months. At 5 years prior, he received treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis that was smear-positive and was subsequently certified healed. Objectively, he was tachypneic and had intercostal, subcostal, and supraclavicular retractions with symmetric chest movement. A high-resolution computed tomography scan revealed bilateral apical cavitary lesions with core soft tissue attenuating spherical masses and an air crescentic sign suggestive of aspergillomas, which were confirmed by sputum light microscopic examination. The patient was managed with antibiotics and antifungals.
Aspergilloma is a symptom of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, a category of lung disorders caused by a persistent Aspergillus infection. Primary aspergillomas are uncommon and frequently occur in people with compromised immune systems. A prolonged cough, fever, chest pain, and hemoptysis are all symptoms of pulmonary aspergillomas. The majority of the time, pulmonary aspergillosis is difficult to identify. Despite high mortality and morbidity rates, surgery is still the most effective treatment for pulmonary aspergilloma.
曲霉菌球是烟曲霉的球形生长物，是一种肺部的良性曲霉病。它通常影响免疫功能低下和肺结构解剖缺陷的患者。尽管 10%的病例会自发缓解，但大多数曲霉菌球病例无症状。大多数患者的病变没有任何症状。曲霉菌种的直接血清学或微生物学证据以及影像学证据是曲霉菌球的诊断依据。
我们描述了一名 35 岁的成年奥罗莫男性患者，他已经出现夜间出汗、间歇性有痰咳嗽且痰量稀疏呈白色、食欲不振和易疲劳 3 个月。5 年前，他曾接受过痰涂片阳性的肺结核治疗，随后被证实治愈。客观上，他呼吸急促，有肋间隙、肋下和锁骨上回缩，伴有对称的胸壁运动。高分辨率计算机断层扫描显示双侧肺尖腔性病变，伴有核心软组织衰减的球形肿块和空气新月征，提示曲霉菌球，这通过痰光镜检查得到证实。患者接受了抗生素和抗真菌药物治疗。
曲霉菌球是慢性肺部曲霉病的症状，这是一类由持续性曲霉感染引起的肺部疾病。原发性曲霉菌球不常见，常发生在免疫系统受损的人群中。持续性咳嗽、发热、胸痛和咯血都是肺部曲霉菌病的症状。大多数情况下，肺部曲霉病难以识别。尽管死亡率和发病率很高，但手术仍然是治疗肺部曲霉菌球的最有效方法。
