用于增强量子传感的协同自旋放大器。

Cooperative Spin Amplifier for Enhanced Quantum Sensing.

作者信息

Xu Minxiang, Jiang Min, Wang Yuanhong, Su Haowen, Huang Ying, Peng Xinhua

机构信息

CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, <a href="https://ror.org/04c4dkn09">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Scientific Instrument Development and Application, <a href="https://ror.org/04c4dkn09">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, <a href="https://ror.org/04c4dkn09">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, Hefei 230026, China; and Hefei National Laboratory, <a href="https://ror.org/04c4dkn09">University of Science and Technology of China</a>, Hefei 230088, China.

出版信息

Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Sep 27;133(13):133202. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.133202.

DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.133202

PMID:39392977

Abstract

Quantum sensing is crucial for precision measurements, yet quantum sensor sensitivity is often limited by the coherence time of the quantum system. Here, we demonstrate a method to enhance coherence time through cooperative spins. Using a tunable feedback circuit, we induce cooperation among noble-gas ^{129}Xe spins, resulting in an impressive 18-fold coherence enhancement. Moreover, we show that the cooperative ^{129}Xe spins can significantly amplify magnetic signals by at least 3 orders of magnitude. Magnetic field sensing assisted with such a cooperative spin amplifier realizes the sensitivity of 4 fT/Hz^{1/2} and surpasses the spin-projection noise of the embedded ^{87}Rb spin gas magnetometer. These results pave the way for a new class of "cooperative quantum sensors," and open up exciting prospects in fundamental physics.

摘要

量子传感对于精确测量至关重要，然而量子传感器的灵敏度常常受到量子系统相干时间的限制。在此，我们展示了一种通过协同自旋来延长相干时间的方法。利用一个可调谐反馈电路，我们诱导稀有气体(^{129}Xe)自旋之间产生协同作用，从而实现了令人瞩目的18倍相干增强。此外，我们还表明协同的(^{129}Xe)自旋能够将磁信号显著放大至少3个数量级。借助这种协同自旋放大器进行的磁场传感实现了(4 fT/Hz^{1/2})的灵敏度，并超越了嵌入式(^{87}Rb)自旋气体磁力计的自旋投影噪声。这些结果为一类新型的“协同量子传感器”铺平了道路，并在基础物理学领域开辟了令人兴奋的前景。