School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, US.
Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, US.
Environ Health. 2024 Oct 12;23(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12940-024-01126-7.
Concentrations of plasma per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are elevated in the Inuit population of Nunavik and may be causing adverse health effects. Respiratory health outcomes have been associated with PFAS, but have not been explored in Inuit communities. The aim of the study was to examine the association between PFAS and respiratory health outcomes, and the moderating role of nutritional biomarkers.
We included up to 1298 participants of the Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 survey aged 16-80 years. Generalized regression models were used to estimate the associations between six individual PFAS congeners and four self-reported symptoms, four spirometry measures, and physician-diagnosed asthma. Outcomes associated with PFAS from single chemical models were further explored using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). The modifying effect of n-3 PUFA in red blood cell quartiles and vitamin D deficiency were examined on the associations between PFAS and respiratory outcomes.
PFNA and PFOS were associated with asthma (odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12, 2.32; OR 1.45 95% CI 1.04, 2.03). PFOA, PFNA, PFDA and PFHxS were associated with a decrease in the ratio between the forced expiratory volume in the first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). No associations were observed with self-reported respiratory symptoms. No associations were observed between a PFAS mixture and asthma. Some associations were modified by nutritional factors, namely, stronger associations between PFOA and PFHxS and asthma with lower n-3 PUFA levels and stronger associations between PFDA, PFUnDA and PFOS and FEV1/FVC with vitamin D deficiency.
These findings add to the growing literature on the impacts of PFAS on respiratory health, and the importance of their global regulation. Associations were modified by nutritional factors pointing to the nutritional value of traditional Inuit foods.
在努纳武特的因纽特人群体中，血浆中全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的浓度升高，可能导致不良健康影响。PFAS 与呼吸道健康结果有关，但尚未在因纽特社区中进行探讨。本研究旨在研究 PFAS 与呼吸道健康结果之间的关联，以及营养生物标志物的调节作用。
我们纳入了多达 1298 名年龄在 16-80 岁的 2017 年 Qanuilirpitaa 调查参与者。使用广义回归模型来估计六种单独的 PFAS 同系物与四种自我报告的症状、四种肺活量测量值和医生诊断的哮喘之间的关联。使用贝叶斯核机器回归 (BKMR) 进一步探讨了来自单一化学模型的与 PFAS 相关的结果。在红血细胞四分位数和维生素 D 缺乏的情况下，检查 n-3PUFA 的修饰作用，以检验 PFAS 与呼吸道结果之间的关联。
PFNA 和 PFOS 与哮喘相关（比值比 (OR) 1.61，95%置信区间 (CI) 1.12, 2.32；OR 1.45 95% CI 1.04, 2.03）。PFOA、PFNA、PFDA 和 PFHxS 与第一秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量 (FEV1/FVC) 的比值降低有关。与自我报告的呼吸道症状没有关联。PFAS 混合物与哮喘之间没有关联。一些关联受到营养因素的修饰，即较低的 n-3PUFA 水平与 PFOA 和 PFHxS 之间以及维生素 D 缺乏与 PFDA、PFUnDA 和 PFOS 与 FEV1/FVC 之间更强的关联。
这些发现增加了关于 PFAS 对呼吸道健康影响的不断增长的文献，并强调了对其进行全球监管的重要性。关联受到营养因素的修饰，这表明传统因纽特食品具有营养价值。
