Molinsky Rebecca L, Johnson Abigail J, Marotz Lisa, Roy Sumith, Bohn Bruno, Goh Charlene E, Chen Ching-Yuan, Paster Bruce, Knight Rob, Genkinger Jeanine, Papapanou Panos N, Jacobs David R, Demmer Ryan T
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
J Clin Periodontol. 2025 Jan;52(1):2-15. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14067. Epub 2024 Oct 12.
To study the association between dietary patterns and subgingival microbiota.
Participants (n = 651) who were enrolled in the Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance, and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS) with subgingival plaque sampling (n = 890 plaques) and a dietary assessment were included. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences of subgingival plaque from sites with either probing depth <4 or ≥4 mm were processed separately and used to obtain α-diversity metrics (Faith, Shannon, Simpson, Observed) and taxa ratios (Red Complex to Corynebacterium [RCLR], Treponema to Corynebacterium [TCLR], and Treponema to Neisseria [TNLR]). Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were processed to calculate Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS) scores. Mixed regression models examined the mean levels of microbial metrics across quartiles of diet quality. Means ± standard errors are reported along with p-values.
In multivariable models assessing the association between diet scores and α-diversity metrics, higher AHEI values were significantly associated with lower Faith (p-value = 0.01) and Observed (p-value = 0.04) diversity values; similar findings were observed for APDQS (p-value = 0.01, p-value = 0.04). In multivariable models assessing the association between diet scores (AHEI and APDQS) and taxa ratios (RCLR, TCLR and TNLR), as the AHEI quartile increased, all taxa ratios decreased significantly as follows: -1.06 ± 0.093 in Q1 to -1.34 ± 0.099 in Q4 (RCLR), -0.43 ± 0.077 in Q1 to -0.64 ± 0.083 in Q4 (TCLR) and -0.09 ± 0.083 in Q1 to -0.38 ± 0.089 in Q4 (TNLR), respectively. In contrast, as the APDQS quartiles increased, only TNLR decreased significantly from -0.08 ± 0.085 in Q1 to -0.34 ± 0.091 in Q4.
Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other nutritionally rich plant foods are associated with lower oral microbial diversity and favourable ratios of pathogenic to commensal microbiota.
研究饮食模式与龈下微生物群之间的关联。
纳入参加口腔感染、葡萄糖不耐受和胰岛素抵抗研究（ORIGINS）的参与者（n = 651），进行龈下菌斑采样（n = 890个菌斑）和饮食评估。对探诊深度<4或≥4 mm部位的龈下菌斑16S rRNA基因扩增子序列分别进行处理，用于获得α多样性指标（费思、香农、辛普森、观测值）和分类群比率（红色复合体与棒状杆菌的比率[RCLR]、密螺旋体与棒状杆菌的比率[TCLR]以及密螺旋体与奈瑟菌的比率[TNLR]）。对食物频率问卷（FFQ）进行处理，以计算替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）和先验饮食质量评分（APDQS）得分。混合回归模型检验了饮食质量四分位数中微生物指标的平均水平。报告均值±标准误以及p值。
在评估饮食评分与α多样性指标之间关联的多变量模型中，较高的AHEI值与较低的费思（p值 = 0.01）和观测值（p值 = 0.04）多样性值显著相关；APDQS也有类似发现（p值 = 0.01，p值 = 0.04）。在评估饮食评分（AHEI和APDQS）与分类群比率（RCLR、TCLR和TNLR）之间关联的多变量模型中，随着AHEI四分位数的增加，所有分类群比率均显著下降，如下所示：第一四分位数为-1.06±0.093，第四四分位数为-1.34±0.099（RCLR）；第一四分位数为-0.43±0.077，第四四分位数为-0.64±0.083（TCLR）；第一四分位数为-0.09±0.083，第四四分位数为-0.38±0.089（TNLR）。相比之下，随着APDQS四分位数的增加，只有TNLR显著下降，从第一四分位数的-0.08±0.085降至第四四分位数 的-0.34±0.91。
富含水果、蔬菜、全谷物和其他营养丰富的植物性食物的饮食与较低的口腔微生物多样性以及致病菌与共生微生物群的良好比率相关。
