Song Hanqi, Ma Yufei
School of Economics, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 25;10(19):e38455. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38455. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
The logistics industry is an essential component of economic and social development. Enhancing its efficiency contributes to national economic progress. However, the sector faces challenges such as high costs and pollution. This paper conducts an empirical study on the logistics efficiency of 30 Chinese provinces (excluding Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) from 2004 to 2021 using a three-stage DEA model. Findings reveal that before adjustment, five provinces, including Beijing and Shanghai, were on the efficiency frontier, reduced to three after adjustment. Other provinces exhibit room for improved logistics efficiency, particularly in addressing cost and pollution issues. The key to enhancing efficiency lies in technical and scale efficiency adjustments. External environmental factors significantly influence logistics efficiency; social retail goods consumption positively correlates, while Gross Regional Product negatively correlates. Overall, China's logistics efficiency displays an upward trend but with notable regional disparities, indicating higher efficiency in the eastern region and lower efficiency in central and western regions, resulting in an overall "high in the east, low in the west" pattern.
物流业是经济社会发展的重要组成部分。提高其效率有助于国家经济进步。然而，该行业面临着高成本和污染等挑战。本文运用三阶段DEA模型，对2004年至2021年中国30个省份（不包括新疆维吾尔自治区）的物流效率进行了实证研究。研究结果表明，调整前，包括北京和上海在内的五个省份处于效率前沿，调整后降至三个。其他省份的物流效率仍有提升空间，特别是在解决成本和污染问题方面。提高效率的关键在于技术和规模效率调整。外部环境因素对物流效率有显著影响；社会消费品零售与物流效率呈正相关，而地区生产总值与物流效率呈负相关。总体而言，中国物流效率呈上升趋势，但区域差异明显，东部地区效率较高，中西部地区效率较低，呈现出整体“东高西低”的格局。
