Prognostic value of in pan-cancer analysis.

BACKGROUND

Transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 1 () is a recently discovered enzyme involved in the O-mannosylation of cadherins and protocadherins. It has been implicated in various types of cancer, but the overall prognostic significance of in pan-cancer and its potential as an immunotherapeutic target remain unclear.

METHODS

We applied various bioinformatics methods to investigate the potential oncogenic roles of using public databases. This analysis involved examining the expression, prognosis, genetic alterations, immune infiltration, immunotherapy response, drug sensitivity, and regulatory mechanisms of the gene in diverse cancer types.

RESULTS

In this study, we observed that expression is reduced in 19 types of cancer (ACC, BLCA, BRCA, CESC, COAD, ESCA, GBM, KICH, KIRC, KIRP, LAML, LUAD, LUSC, PRAD, READ, STAD, THCA, UCEC, and UCS) compared to normal tissues. Conversely, expression is elevated in OV and PAAD relative to normal tissues. Moreover, our analysis revealed that high expression of was associated with worse overall survival (OS) outcomes in patients with ACC, BLCA, COAD, GBM, KIRP, OV, STAD, and UCEC, but better OS outcomes in patients with CESC, KIRC, LUSC, and PAAD. Notably, patients with mutations or deep deletions demonstrated longer OS, while those with amplification showed shorter OS. There was a significant correlation between the expression level of and the infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and endothelial cells. Using data from six real-world immunotherapy cohorts of BLCA, SKCM and RCC, we discovered that high expression was associated with better OS or progression-free survival (PFS). Lastly, through -related gene enrichment analysis, some biological processes and pathways were found to be significantly enriched, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study demonstrates the prognostic significance of in pan-cancer and highlights its potential as an immunotherapeutic target.