Rizzo Maria Giovanna, Zammuto Vincenzo, Spanò Antonio, Gugliandolo Concetta, Calabrese Giovanna, Guglielmino Salvatore
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 24;10(19):e38367. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38367. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
The mannose-rich exopolysaccharide EPS B3-15, produced by the thermophilic B3-15, was previously reported to possess promising potentialities as antiviral and immunomodulatory agent, and in preventing the adhesion of and . In this study, EPS B3-15 was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced macrophages and the ability to contrast the adhesion of and as pathogenic bacteria of the respiratory tract. Without affecting the macrophages viability, the EPS at low concentration (300 μg/mL) significantly downregulated the gene expression of iNOS and the consequent NO generation, and it also decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the EPS reduced the adhesion of (47 %) more efficiently than (38 %), due to its ability to modify the abiotic surfaces properties and alter the charges of bacterial-cell surface of Gram-positive more than Gram-negative. As able to reduce the inflammatory responses in macrophage cells and simultaneously prevent biofilm-related to the respiratory tract infections, EPS B3-15 could have potential use as nasal spray with anti-inflammatory action and surface-coating agent for medical devices.
嗜热菌B3 - 15产生的富含甘露糖的胞外多糖EPS B3 - 15，先前有报道称其作为抗病毒和免疫调节剂以及在预防[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]的黏附方面具有潜在前景。在本研究中，对EPS B3 - 15在脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞中的抗炎活性以及作为呼吸道病原菌的[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]的黏附抑制能力进行了评估。在不影响巨噬细胞活力的情况下，低浓度（300μg/mL）的EPS显著下调了诱导型一氧化氮合酶的基因表达以及随后的一氧化氮生成，并且还降低了促炎细胞因子的产生。此外，由于EPS能够改变非生物表面性质并比革兰氏阴性菌更显著地改变革兰氏阳性菌细胞表面电荷，因此它对[具体细菌名称1]黏附的降低效果（47%）比[具体细菌名称2]（38%）更有效。由于能够减少巨噬细胞中的炎症反应并同时预防与呼吸道感染相关的生物膜形成，EPS B3 - 15可能具有作为具有抗炎作用的鼻喷雾剂和医疗器械表面涂层剂的潜在用途。
