Crestez Alexandra Mihaela, Nechita Aurel, Daineanu Miruna Patricia, Busila Camelia, Tatu Alin Laurentiu, Ionescu Marius Anton, Martinez Jose Dario, Debita Mihaela
Pediatric Department, "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Pediatric Hospital, Galați, 800494, România.
Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, 800201, România.
Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2024 Oct 9;15:311-323. doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S471588. eCollection 2024.
The respiratory system, traditionally considered antiseptic, harbors a diverse and dynamic bacterial microbiome. Recent advancements in microbiome research have revealed its significant influence on both innate and adaptive immunity, particularly in the context of respiratory infections in children. This article also provides an overview of the types of bacteria that commonly affect the respiratory system, including and . These bacteria are prevalent in pediatric populations and significantly contribute to the development and severity of respiratory tract infections (RTIs).
This review aims to evaluate the impact of the oral cavity and upper respiratory microbiome on the susceptibility and severity of respiratory infections in pediatric populations. We specifically focus on how early colonization patterns of bacteria such as and contribute to the development of respiratory tract infections in children from birth through adolescence.
A thorough literature review was performed, focusing on studies publishing between 2004 and 2023. The review included research exploring the role of the upper respiratory microbiome in pediatric populations, with a specific focus on children aged birth to 18 years. Emphasis was placed on microbial characterization, the modulation of immune responses in respiratory tract infections, and the potential therapeutic applications of microbiome-targeted interventions.
The findings suggest that the composition and disruption of the upper respiratory microbiome significantly influence clinical outcomes in children with respiratory infections. Notably, dysbiosis in the microbiome has been linked to increased susceptibility to repeated infections, highlighting the importance of maintaining microbial balance for optimal respiratory health.
Understanding the impact of oral cavity and upper respiratory microbiome could lead to improved management and prevention strategies for respiratory infections in children. This review underscores the potential of microbiome modulation, including the use of probiotics as a therapeutic approach to enhance clinical outcomes in pediatric respiratory infections.
呼吸系统传统上被认为是无菌的，但却拥有多样且动态变化的细菌微生物群。微生物群研究的最新进展揭示了其对先天免疫和适应性免疫都有重大影响，尤其是在儿童呼吸道感染的背景下。本文还概述了通常影响呼吸系统的细菌类型，包括[细菌名称1]和[细菌名称2]。这些细菌在儿科人群中普遍存在，并对呼吸道感染（RTIs）的发生和严重程度有显著影响。
本综述旨在评估口腔和上呼吸道微生物群对儿科人群呼吸道感染易感性和严重程度的影响。我们特别关注诸如[细菌名称1]和[细菌名称2]等细菌的早期定植模式如何在从出生到青春期的儿童中导致呼吸道感染的发生。
进行了全面的文献综述，重点关注2004年至2023年间发表的研究。该综述包括探索上呼吸道微生物群在儿科人群中作用的研究，特别关注出生至18岁的儿童。重点在于微生物特征、呼吸道感染中免疫反应的调节以及针对微生物群的干预措施的潜在治疗应用。
研究结果表明，上呼吸道微生物群的组成和破坏对呼吸道感染儿童的临床结局有显著影响。值得注意的是，微生物群失调与反复感染的易感性增加有关，这凸显了维持微生物平衡对最佳呼吸道健康的重要性。
了解口腔和上呼吸道微生物群的影响可能会带来改善儿童呼吸道感染管理和预防策略的方法。本综述强调了微生物群调节的潜力，包括使用益生菌作为一种治疗方法来改善儿科呼吸道感染的临床结局。
