Khan Sara, Haider Md Faheem
Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2025;24(3):181-195. doi: 10.2174/0118715273323074241001071645.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the deterioration of dopamine-producing neurons, resulting in motor impairments like tremors and rigidity. While the precise cause remains elusive, genetic and environmental factors are implicated. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding contribute to the disease's pathology. Current therapeutics primarily aim at symptom alleviation, employing dopamine replacement and deep brain stimulation. However, the quest for disease-modifying treatments persists. Ongoing clinical trials explore novel approaches, such as neuroprotective agents and gene therapies, reflecting the evolving PD research landscape. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PD, covering its basics, causal factors, major pathways, existing treatments, and a nuanced exploration of ongoing clinical trials. As the scientific community strives to unravel PD's complexities, this review offers insights into the multifaceted strategies pursued for a better understanding and enhanced management of this debilitating condition.
帕金森病（PD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，其特征是产生多巴胺的神经元退化，导致震颤和僵硬等运动障碍。虽然确切病因尚不清楚，但遗传和环境因素与之相关。线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激和蛋白质错误折叠促成了该疾病的病理过程。目前的治疗主要旨在缓解症状，采用多巴胺替代疗法和深部脑刺激。然而，对疾病修饰治疗的探索仍在继续。正在进行的临床试验探索新的方法，如神经保护剂和基因疗法，这反映了帕金森病研究格局的不断演变。本综述全面概述了帕金森病，涵盖其基础知识、病因、主要途径、现有治疗方法，以及对正在进行的临床试验的细致探讨。随着科学界努力解开帕金森病的复杂性，本综述提供了对为更好地理解和管理这种使人衰弱的疾病而采用的多方面策略的见解。
