Wang Wenyu, Li Zhipeng, Liu Chaolong, Yu Hongli, Sun Yong
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, 266034, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Dec;13(32):e2402559. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202402559. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
Chronic wounds are characterized by long-term inflammation, including diabetic ulcers, traumatic ulcers, etc., which provide an optimal environment for bacterial proliferation. At present, antibiotics are the main clinical treatment method for chronic wound infections. However, the overuse of antibiotics may accelerate the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, which poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies for bacterial infections. Nanozyme-based antimicrobial therapy (NABT) is an emerging antimicrobial strategy with broad-spectrum activity and low drug resistance compared to traditional antibiotics. NABT has shown great potential as an emerging antimicrobial strategy by catalyzing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with its enzyme-like catalytic properties, producing a powerful bactericidal effect without developing drug resistance. Nanozyme-based cascade antimicrobial technology offers a new approach to infection control, effectively improving antimicrobial efficacy by activating cascades against bacterial cell membranes and intracellular DNA while minimizing potential side effects. However, it is worth noting that this technology is still in the early stages of research. This article comprehensively reviews wound classification, current methods for the treatment of wound infection, different types of nanozymes, the application of nanozyme cascade reaction technology in antimicrobial therapy, and future challenges and prospects.
慢性伤口的特征是长期炎症，包括糖尿病溃疡、创伤性溃疡等，这些为细菌增殖提供了理想环境。目前，抗生素是慢性伤口感染的主要临床治疗方法。然而，抗生素的过度使用可能会加速耐药菌的出现，这对人类健康构成重大威胁。因此，迫切需要开发针对细菌感染的新治疗策略。基于纳米酶的抗菌疗法（NABT）是一种新兴的抗菌策略，与传统抗生素相比具有广谱活性和低耐药性。NABT通过其类酶催化特性催化产生活性氧（ROS），展现出作为一种新兴抗菌策略的巨大潜力，能产生强大的杀菌效果且不会产生耐药性。基于纳米酶的级联抗菌技术为感染控制提供了一种新方法，通过激活针对细菌细胞膜和细胞内DNA的级联反应有效提高抗菌效果，同时将潜在副作用降至最低。然而，值得注意的是，这项技术仍处于研究初期。本文全面综述了伤口分类、当前伤口感染的治疗方法、不同类型的纳米酶、纳米酶级联反应技术在抗菌治疗中的应用以及未来的挑战和前景。
