Performance and Health Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, A Coruña, Spain.
Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 14;19(10):e0311524. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311524. eCollection 2024.
Resistance training is hardly recommended for postmenopausal women to counteract negative effects of hormonal changes. However, some concern exists about the marked hemodynamic responses caused by high-load resistance exercises. In this regard, studies on young, healthy, physically active individuals suggest that set configuration can modulate acute cardiovascular, metabolic, and cardiac autonomic responses caused by resistance training sessions, but this has not yet been explored in postmenopausal women.
A sample of 60 physically active postmenopausal women (30 normotensive, 30 hypertensive) will participate in this crossover study. After a medical exam, ergometry, familiarization session, and two testing sessions, participants will complete three experimental sessions and one control session in a randomized order. Each experimental session includes 36 repetitions of four exercises (horizontal leg press, bench press, prone leg curl, and lat pull-down) differing in set configuration: 9 sets of 4 repetitions (i.e., 33% intensity of effort) with 45 s of inter-set recovery, 6 sets of 6 repetitions (50% intensity of effort) with 72 s, and 4 sets of 9 repetitions (75% intensity of effort) with 120 s; with 4 min rest between exercises. Before and immediately after each session, arterial stiffness, hemodynamic variables, cardiac autonomic modulation, baroreflex sensitivity, sympathetic vasomotor tone, and resting oxygen uptake will be evaluated. Furthermore, perceived effort, mechanical performance (e.g., power, velocity), heart rate, and lactatemia will be collected throughout sessions. The impact of set configuration on these variables will be analyzed, along with comparisons between normotensive and hypertensive women.
Cardiovascular responses to resistance exercise have been scarcely studied in females, particularly postmenopausal women. The results of this study will provide information about the modulating role of set structure on metabolic and cardiovascular responses of normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women to resistance training.
NCT05544357 on 7 December 2022.
抗阻训练几乎不被推荐用于绝经后女性，以抵消激素变化的负面影响。然而，人们对高负荷抗阻运动引起的明显血液动力学反应存在一些担忧。在这方面，对年轻、健康、有活力的个体的研究表明，组次设置可以调节抗阻训练引起的急性心血管、代谢和心脏自主神经反应，但这尚未在绝经后女性中得到探索。
本研究将纳入 60 名有活力的绝经后女性（30 名血压正常，30 名高血压）。在体检、测功机测试、熟悉环境和 2 次测试后，参与者将以随机顺序完成 3 次实验和 1 次对照。每个实验包括 36 次 4 种运动（水平腿推、卧推、俯卧腿弯举和下拉）的重复，组次设置不同：9 组 4 次重复（即 33%的努力强度），组间休息 45 秒；6 组 6 次重复（50%的努力强度），组间休息 72 秒；4 组 9 次重复（75%的努力强度），组间休息 120 秒；运动之间休息 4 分钟。在每个阶段前后，将评估动脉僵硬度、血液动力学变量、心脏自主神经调节、压力反射敏感性、交感血管紧张度和静息耗氧量。此外，在整个阶段将收集感觉努力、机械性能（如功率、速度）、心率和乳酸水平。将分析组次设置对这些变量的影响，并比较血压正常和高血压女性之间的差异。
女性，特别是绝经后女性，抗阻运动的心血管反应研究甚少。本研究的结果将提供有关结构组次对血压正常和高血压绝经后女性抗阻训练代谢和心血管反应的调节作用的信息。
NCT05544357，2022 年 12 月 7 日。
