肌肉强化活动与主要非传染性疾病的低风险和低死亡率相关：队列研究的系统评价和荟萃分析。
Muscle-strengthening activities are associated with lower risk and mortality in major non-communicable diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
机构信息
Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
出版信息
Br J Sports Med. 2022 Jul;56(13):755-763. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-105061. Epub 2022 Feb 28.
OBJECTIVE
To quantify the associations between muscle-strengthening activities and the risk of non-communicable diseases and mortality in adults independent of aerobic activities.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE and Embase were searched from inception to June 2021 and the reference lists of all related articles were reviewed.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES
Prospective cohort studies that examined the association between muscle-strengthening activities and health outcomes in adults aged ≥18 years without severe health conditions.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies met the eligibility criteria. Muscle-strengthening activities were associated with a 10-17% lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), total cancer, diabetes and lung cancer. No association was found between muscle-strengthening activities and the risk of some site-specific cancers (colon, kidney, bladder and pancreatic cancers). J-shaped associations with the maximum risk reduction (approximately 10-20%) at approximately 30-60 min/week of muscle-strengthening activities were found for all-cause mortality, CVD and total cancer, whereas an L-shaped association showing a large risk reduction at up to 60 min/week of muscle-strengthening activities was observed for diabetes. Combined muscle-strengthening and aerobic activities (versus none) were associated with a lower risk of all-cause, CVD and total cancer mortality.
CONCLUSION
Muscle-strengthening activities were inversely associated with the risk of all-cause mortality and major non-communicable diseases including CVD, total cancer, diabetes and lung cancer; however, the influence of a higher volume of muscle-strengthening activities on all-cause mortality, CVD and total cancer is unclear when considering the observed J-shaped associations.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42020219808.
目的
定量评估独立于有氧运动以外的肌肉强化活动与成年人非传染性疾病和死亡风险之间的关联。
设计
系统评价和前瞻性队列研究的荟萃分析。
数据来源
从建库到 2021 年 6 月，检索 MEDLINE 和 Embase 数据库，并查阅所有相关文章的参考文献列表。
纳入研究的标准
纳入研究为观察性队列研究，在年龄≥18 岁、无严重健康状况的成年人中，评估肌肉强化活动与健康结果之间的关系。
结果
共有 16 项研究符合纳入标准。肌肉强化活动与全因死亡率、心血管疾病（CVD）、总癌症、糖尿病和肺癌风险降低 10%-17%相关。但未发现肌肉强化活动与某些特定部位癌症（结肠癌、肾癌、膀胱癌和胰腺癌）风险之间存在关联。全因死亡率、CVD 和总癌症的最大风险降低（约 10%-20%）出现在每周进行 30-60 分钟的肌肉强化活动时，而糖尿病的风险降低幅度较大（高达 60 分钟/周）呈 L 型曲线。与不进行肌肉强化和有氧运动相比，同时进行肌肉强化和有氧运动（与不进行任何运动相比）与全因、CVD 和总癌症死亡率降低相关。
结论
肌肉强化活动与全因死亡率和主要非传染性疾病（包括 CVD、总癌症、糖尿病和肺癌）风险呈负相关；然而，考虑到观察到的 J 型关联，更高强度的肌肉强化活动对全因死亡率、CVD 和总癌症的影响尚不清楚。
系统评价注册
PROSPERO CRD42020219808。
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