Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ.
Diabetes. 2024 Dec 1;73(12):1952-1966. doi: 10.2337/dbi24-0001.
The brain coordinates the homeostatic defense of multiple metabolic variables, including blood glucose levels, in the context of ever-changing external and internal environments. The biologically defended level of glycemia (BDLG) is the net result of brain modulation of insulin-dependent mechanisms in cooperation with the islet, and insulin-independent mechanisms through direct innervation and neuroendocrine control of glucose effector tissues. In this article, we highlight evidence from animal and human studies to develop a framework for the brain's core homeostatic functions-sensory/afferent, integration/processing, and motor/efferent-that contribute to the normal BDLG in health and its elevation in diabetes.
大脑在不断变化的内外环境中协调多种代谢变量（包括血糖水平）的体内平衡防御。血糖的生物学保护水平（BDLG）是大脑调节胰岛素依赖机制与胰岛合作以及通过直接神经支配和葡萄糖效应组织的神经内分泌控制的胰岛素非依赖机制的净结果。在本文中，我们从动物和人类研究中强调证据，以制定一个框架，用于大脑的核心体内平衡功能-感觉/传入、整合/处理和运动/传出，这些功能有助于健康状态下的正常 BDLG 及其在糖尿病中的升高。
