Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Nat Commun. 2023 May 11;14(1):2729. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38253-7.
Mounting evidence demonstrates that the central nervous system (CNS) orchestrates glucose homeostasis by sensing glucose and modulating peripheral metabolism. Glucose responsive neuronal populations have been identified in the hypothalamus and several corticolimbic regions. However, how these CNS gluco-regulatory regions modulate peripheral glucose levels is not well understood. To better understand this process, we simultaneously measured interstitial glucose concentrations and local field potentials in 3 human subjects from cortical and subcortical regions, including the hypothalamus in one subject. Correlations between high frequency activity (HFA, 70-170 Hz) and peripheral glucose levels are found across multiple brain regions, notably in the hypothalamus, with correlation magnitude modulated by sleep-wake cycles, circadian coupling, and hypothalamic connectivity. Correlations are further present between non-circadian (ultradian) HFA and glucose levels which are higher during awake periods. Spectro-spatial features of neural activity enable decoding of peripheral glucose levels both in the present and up to hours in the future. Our findings demonstrate proactive encoding of homeostatic glucose dynamics by the CNS.
越来越多的证据表明，中枢神经系统（CNS）通过感知葡萄糖并调节外周代谢来协调葡萄糖稳态。已经在下丘脑和几个皮质边缘区域中鉴定出对葡萄糖有反应的神经元群体。然而，这些中枢神经系统葡萄糖调节区域如何调节外周葡萄糖水平尚不清楚。为了更好地理解这一过程，我们同时测量了 3 名来自皮质和皮质下区域的人类受试者的间质葡萄糖浓度和局部场电位，其中一名受试者包括下丘脑。在多个脑区发现了高频活动（HFA，70-170 Hz）与外周葡萄糖水平之间的相关性，尤其是在下丘脑，其相关性大小受睡眠-觉醒周期、昼夜节律耦合和下丘脑连接的调节。在清醒期间，非昼夜（超昼夜）HFA 与葡萄糖水平之间也存在相关性，并且相关性更高。神经活动的谱-空间特征可以在现在和未来数小时内解码外周葡萄糖水平。我们的发现表明中枢神经系统主动编码稳态葡萄糖动力学。
