OMICS Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734013, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Oct 14;81(12):406. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03924-1.
One of the main risks to fish health in an aquatic environment is hypoxia, which can either lead to respiratory failure or the emergence of various diseases in a fish population. This investigation examined the impact of hypoxia on the gut bacteria of a loach, Lepidocephalichthys guntea, which under the dissolve oxygen stress can gulp air from surface and breathe using its posterior intestine. High-throughput sequencing was used to examine the anterior and posterior parts of the gut of L. guntea during both normoxia and hypoxia. According to the community profiling of the gut bacteria, prolonged exposure to hypoxia increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the posterior part while decreasing both in the anterior part of the gut. Additionally, for both parts of the gut, the core microbiota showed a significant alteration during hypoxia. In correlation network analysis, a more interactive and intricate network was developed at normoxia. According to the comparative analyses of the gut bacteria, hypoxia causes more pronounced alterations in the posterior gut than the anterior gut at various taxonomic levels. As a consequence of hypoxia, several genera like Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Plesiomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter were replaced by Streptococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, Janthinobacterium, and Clostridia. A surge in probiotic genera, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Blautia, and Cetobacterium, was also seen. The fatty acid biosynthesis pathway was induced only in hypoxia, although all other metabolic pathways were present in both situations, albeit with fewer hits in hypoxia.
在水生环境中，鱼类健康的主要风险之一是缺氧，这可能导致鱼类呼吸衰竭或出现各种疾病。本研究调查了缺氧对泥鳅（Lepidocephalichthys guntea）肠道细菌的影响。在溶解氧胁迫下，泥鳅可以从水面吞气并用后肠呼吸。高通量测序用于检测正常氧和缺氧条件下泥鳅前肠和后肠的菌群结构。根据肠道细菌的群落分析，长时间缺氧会增加后肠的细菌多样性和丰度，而降低前肠的多样性和丰度。此外，在后肠和前肠中，核心微生物群在缺氧条件下都发生了显著改变。在相关网络分析中，正常氧条件下的网络更为复杂。通过对肠道细菌的比较分析，发现缺氧对后肠的影响比前肠更为明显，在不同的分类水平上都有体现。缺氧导致气单胞菌属（Aeromonas）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、类志贺邻单胞菌属（Plesiomonas）、不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）和肠杆菌属（Enterobacter）等几个属被链球菌属（Streptococcus）、大肠埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属（Escherichia-Shigella）、简氏菌属（Janthinobacterium）和梭菌属（Clostridia）取代。双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）、布劳特氏菌属（Blautia）和巨单胞菌属（Cetobacterium）等益生菌属的数量也有所增加。尽管在缺氧条件下所有其他代谢途径都存在，但只有脂肪酸生物合成途径被诱导，而在正常氧条件下这些途径的命中率较低。
