Yang Hui, Er Demtu, Wang Yu-Huan, Zhai Bin-Tao, Ge Rili
College of Medical, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 25;17(15):2431. doi: 10.3390/nu17152431.
This study investigates the therapeutic potential of camel milk-derived extracellular vesicles (CM-EVs) for treating colonic damage caused by high-altitude hypoxia, supporting the WHO's "Food as Medicine" initiative. Using a 5500 m mouse model, researchers induced colonic injury and treated it with oral CM-EVs for 15 days, comparing results to whole camel milk. CM-EVs outperformed whole milk, significantly improving colon health by restoring barrier integrity and reducing disease activity index (DAI) ( < 0.01). They boosted beneficial bacteria like and and decreased ( < 0.01). Metabolic analysis showed restored bile acid balance and amino acid modulation via the FXR/NF-κB pathway, reducing TLR4/MyD88-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress ( < 0.01). Fecal microbiota transplantation in the CM-EVs group notably decreased DAI and increased colon length ( < 0.05). CM-EVs repair mucosal damage, balance microbiota, and regulate metabolism to combat hypoxia-induced colonic damage, suggesting their potential as nutraceuticals and altitude-adaptive foods. This showcases nanotechnology's role in enhancing traditional dietary benefits via precision nutrition.
本研究调查了骆驼奶来源的细胞外囊泡（CM-EVs）治疗高海拔缺氧引起的结肠损伤的治疗潜力，以支持世界卫生组织的“食物即药物”倡议。使用5500米小鼠模型，研究人员诱导结肠损伤并用口服CM-EVs治疗15天，将结果与全脂骆驼奶进行比较。CM-EVs的效果优于全脂牛奶，通过恢复屏障完整性和降低疾病活动指数（DAI）（<0.01）显著改善了结肠健康。它们促进了如 和 等有益细菌的生长，并减少了 （<0.01）。代谢分析表明，通过FXR/NF-κB途径恢复了胆汁酸平衡并调节了氨基酸，减少了TLR4/MyD88介导的炎症和氧化应激（<0.01）。CM-EVs组的粪便微生物群移植显著降低了DAI并增加了结肠长度（<0.05）。CM-EVs修复粘膜损伤、平衡微生物群并调节代谢以对抗缺氧引起的结肠损伤，表明它们作为营养保健品和适应高原食物的潜力。这展示了纳米技术通过精准营养增强传统饮食益处的作用。
