Ochieng Phillis E, Kemboi David C, Okoth Sheila, De Baere Siegrid, Cavalier Etienne, Kang'ethe Erastus, Doupovec Barbara, Gathumbi James, Scippo Marie-Louise, Antonissen Gunther, Lindahl Johanna F, Croubels Siska
Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Mycotoxin Res. 2025 Feb;41(1):63-75. doi: 10.1007/s12550-024-00566-x. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
This study examined the effects of fumonisins (FBs) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), alone or in combination, on the productivity and health of laying hens, as well as the transfer of aflatoxins (AFs) to chicken food products. The efficacy and safety of mycotoxin detoxifiers (bentonite and fumonisin esterase) to mitigate these effects were also assessed. Laying hens (400) were divided into 20 groups and fed a control, moderate (54.6 µg/kg feed) or high (546 µg/kg feed) AFB1 or FBs (7.9 mg/kg feed) added diets, either alone or in combination, with the mycotoxin detoxifiers added in selected diets. Productivity was evaluated by feed intake, egg weight, egg production, and feed conversion ratio whereas health was assessed by organ weights, blood biochemistry, and mortality. Aflatoxins residues in plasma, liver, muscle, and eggs were determined using UHPLC-MS/MS methods. A diet with AFB1 at a concentration of 546 µg/kg feed decreased egg production and various AFB1-contaminated diets increased serum uric acid levels and weights of liver, spleen, heart, and gizzard. Interactions between AFB1 and FBs significantly impacted spleen, heart, and gizzard weights as well as AFB1 residues in eggs. Maximum AFB1 residues of 0.64 µg/kg and aflatoxin M1 (below limits of quantification) were observed in liver, plasma, and eggs of layers fed diets with AFB1. The mycotoxin detoxifiers reduced effects of AFB1 and FBs on egg production, organ weights, blood biochemistry, and AFB1 residues in tissues. This study highlights the importance of mycotoxin detoxifiers as a mitigation strategy against mycotoxins in poultry production.
本研究考察了伏马毒素（FBs）和黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）单独或联合作用对蛋鸡生产性能和健康状况的影响，以及黄曲霉毒素（AFs）向鸡肉制品中的转移情况。同时还评估了霉菌毒素解毒剂（膨润土和伏马毒素酯酶）减轻这些影响的效果和安全性。将400只蛋鸡分为20组，分别饲喂添加了对照、中等剂量（54.6微克/千克饲料）或高剂量（546微克/千克饲料）AFB1或FBs（7.9毫克/千克饲料）的日粮，单独或联合添加，部分日粮中还添加了霉菌毒素解毒剂。通过采食量、蛋重、产蛋量和饲料转化率评估生产性能，通过器官重量、血液生化指标和死亡率评估健康状况。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定血浆、肝脏、肌肉和鸡蛋中的黄曲霉毒素残留量。日粮中AFB1浓度为546微克/千克饲料时会降低产蛋量，各种受AFB1污染的日粮会增加血清尿酸水平以及肝脏、脾脏、心脏和肌胃的重量。AFB1和FBs之间的相互作用显著影响脾脏、心脏和肌胃的重量以及鸡蛋中的AFB1残留量。在饲喂含AFB1日粮的蛋鸡的肝脏、血浆和鸡蛋中，观察到最大AFB1残留量为0.64微克/千克，黄曲霉毒素M1（低于定量限）。霉菌毒素解毒剂减轻了AFB1和FBs对产蛋量、器官重量、血液生化指标和组织中AFB1残留量的影响。本研究强调了霉菌毒素解毒剂作为家禽生产中霉菌毒素缓解策略的重要性。
