Treatment of severe reflux esophagitis with cimetidine and metoclopramide.

Reflux esophagitis may be unresponsive to standard medical therapy with an H2-receptor antagonist drug. Twenty-five patients with chronic reflux esophagitis, refractory to cimetidine treatment alone, were randomly assigned in a double-blind design to receive cimetidine (1200 mg/d), in combination with metoclopramide (40 mg/d) or placebo. Nine of twelve patients receiving cimetidine with metoclopramide had significant symptomatic improvement at the end of the 8-week study period, compared with 3 of 12 patients receiving cimetidine with placebo (p less than 0.02). Endoscopic appearance improved in 9 patients receiving metoclopramide and in 4 patients receiving placebo (p less than 0.05). Neither group had significant improvement in lower esophageal sphincter pressure, 24-hour esophageal pH recordings, and esophageal histologic findings. Side effects were common with cimetidine and metoclopramide but were rarely disabling. This combination is efficacious in the management of chronic reflux esophagitis but, because of frequent side effects, should be reserved for patients refractory to treatment with cimetidine alone.