Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York 12237, United States.
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12237, United States.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:136144. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136144. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Little is known about exposure of humans and companion animals to liquid crystal monomers (LCMs), which are extensively used in digital displays. We determined the concentrations of 52 LCMs in feces of humans, pet dogs and cats from New York State, USA, using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). Twenty-four, eight, and six LCMs, that were mainly fluorinated, were detected in human, dog, and cat feces, respectively. ∑LCMs concentrations in the feces of humans (mean: 8.01 ng/g dry weight [dw]) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of dogs (mean: 1.82 ng/g dw) and cats (mean: 1.24 ng/g dw) and with concentrations measured as high as 39.8 ng/g dw. Rel-4'-((1r,1'r,4 R,4'R)-4'-ethyl-[1,1'-bi(cyclohexan)]-4-yl)-3,4-difluoro-1,1'-biphenyl (RELEEBCH or 2bcHdFB) was found at the highest detection frequency (DF) among LCMs analyzed in human (DF: 89 %), dog (DF: 28 %), and cat (DF: 50 %) feces, although this compound accounted only < 4 % of ∑LCM concentrations. The mean cumulative daily intakes of ∑LCMs, calculated through a reverse dosimetry approach, were 71.7, 87.5, and 10.7 ng/kg body weight (bw)/day for humans, dogs, and cats, respectively. This study provides evidence of exposure of both humans and pets to LCMs, highlighting the importance of assessing sources of exposure and associated health risks.
关于人类和伴侣动物接触液晶单体 (LCM) 的情况知之甚少，而 LCM 被广泛用于数字显示器。我们使用气相色谱-高分辨率质谱 (GC-HRMS) 测定了来自美国纽约州的人类、宠物狗和猫的粪便中的 52 种 LCM 浓度。人类、狗和猫的粪便中分别检测到 24、8 和 6 种主要为氟化的 LCM。人类粪便中∑LCMs 浓度（平均值：8.01 ng/g 干重 [dw]）明显高于狗（平均值：1.82 ng/g dw）和猫（平均值：1.24 ng/g dw），最高浓度高达 39.8 ng/g dw。在所分析的 LCM 中，Rel-4'-((1r,1'r,4R,4'R)-4'-乙基-[1,1'-双（环己烷）]-4-基）-3,4-二氟-1,1'-联苯（RELEEBCH 或 2bcHdFB）在人类（DF：89%）、狗（DF：28%）和猫（DF：50%）粪便中的检出频率最高，尽管这种化合物仅占∑LCM 浓度的<4%。通过反向剂量测定法计算，∑LCM 的平均累积日摄入量分别为人类 71.7、狗 87.5 和猫 10.7 ng/kg 体重（bw）/天。本研究为人类和宠物接触 LCM 提供了证据，强调了评估接触源和相关健康风险的重要性。
