Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Bioceramics and Coating Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Biomater Adv. 2025 Jan;166:214062. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214062. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Bioactive glass (BAG) has emerged as an effective bone graft substitute due to its diverse qualities of biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoblast adhesion and enhanced revascularization. However, inferior osteogenic capacity of BAG compared to autologous bone grafts continues to limiting it's wide-spread clinical applications towards repairing of bone fractures and healing. In this study, we have fabricated BAG composites with 0.5 to 2 wt% bismuth ferrite (BF, a multiferroic material) with an aim to generate in-situ electrical charges pertinent to early-stage bone regeneration thus mimicking natural bone, which is a piezoelectric material. The fabricated BAG composites were characterised in terms of microstructures, phase analysis, remanent polarization, wettability and subsequently evaluated for in vitro cell proliferation and osteogenesis with and without magnetic field exposure (200 mT, 30 min./day). Pre-osteoblast cells from mice (MC3T3-E1) seeded on these composites exhibited excellent cell growth without any cytotoxicity, which is further supported by FITC/DAPI staining and a live/dead assay. The results of Alizarin Red S assay and increased levels of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity, at 21 days of culture, suggest that the BAG-BF composites promote in vitro osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblast cells. The enhanced osteogenesis of BAG-BF composites was also confirmed through qRT-PCR analysis, which showed rapid upregulation of osteoblastogenic specific genes namely RunX-2, Collagen-1, Bone Sialo Protein, and ALP after 21 days. Additionally, the osteogenic differentiation was assessed by the Western Blot technique, which revealed significantly higher band intensity of osteogenic markers in BAG-1.5 BF and BAG-2 BF composites than pure BAG. These findings clearly demonstrate that in-situ electrical stimulation and osteoconductive capacity of BF reinforced BAG composites have positive impact on osteoblast cell development, bone formation, and healing.
生物活性玻璃（BAG）由于其良好的生物相容性、生物活性、成骨细胞黏附性和增强的再血管化等多种特性，已成为一种有效的骨移植替代物。然而，BAG 的成骨能力不如自体骨移植物，这仍然限制了它在修复骨折和愈合方面的广泛临床应用。在这项研究中，我们制备了 0.5 至 2wt%的 铋铁氧体（BF，一种多铁材料）的 BAG 复合材料，目的是产生与早期骨再生相关的原位电荷，从而模拟天然骨，天然骨是一种压电材料。制备的 BAG 复合材料在微观结构、相分析、剩余极化、润湿性等方面进行了表征，随后在有无磁场暴露（200mT，每天 30 分钟）的情况下进行了体外细胞增殖和成骨评估。接种在这些复合材料上的小鼠前成骨细胞（MC3T3-E1）表现出良好的细胞生长，没有任何细胞毒性，这一点也得到了 FITC/DAPI 染色和死活检测的支持。茜素红 S 检测和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性水平的增加表明，BAG-BF 复合材料在 21 天的培养过程中促进了前成骨细胞的体外成骨分化。通过 qRT-PCR 分析也证实了 BAG-BF 复合材料增强的成骨作用，该分析显示，在 21 天后，成骨特异性基因如 RunX-2、胶原蛋白-1、骨唾液蛋白和 ALP 的快速上调。此外，通过 Western Blot 技术评估了成骨分化，结果表明，BAG-1.5 BF 和 BAG-2 BF 复合材料中的成骨标志物的条带强度明显高于纯 BAG。这些发现清楚地表明，BF 增强的 BAG 复合材料的原位电刺激和骨传导能力对成骨细胞的发育、骨形成和愈合有积极的影响。
