Pretel-Lara Carlota, Sanabria-de la Torre Raquel, Arias-Santiago Salvador, Montero-Vilchez Trinidad
Dermatology Department, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2024 Oct 1;13(19):5861. doi: 10.3390/jcm13195861.
: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose incidence is increasing. Skin barrier dysfunction plays an important role in this disease. It has been observed that AD patients have higher transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and lower stratum corneum hydration (SCH); however, there is little information about skin microtopography in this pathology. The objective of this study is to evaluate skin barrier dysfunction and structural changes in patients with AD. : A cross-sectional study was conducted including patients with AD. Parameters of skin barrier function were measured (TEWL, temperature, erythema, pH, skin hydration, elasticity) and also other topographical parameters (scaliness, wrinkles, smoothness, surface, contrast, variance) in both healthy skin and flexural eczematous lesions. : A total of 32 patients with AD were included in the study. Flexural eczematous lesions had higher erythema (369.12 arbitrary unit (AU) vs. 223.89 AU, < 0.001), higher TEWL (27.24 g/h/m vs. 13.51 g/h/m, < 0.001), lower SCH (20.3 AU vs. 31.88 AU, < 0.001) and lower elasticity (0.56% vs. 0.65%, = 0.05). Regarding topographic parameters, flexural eczematous lesions presented greater scaliness (5.57 SEsc vs. 0.29 SEsc, = 0.02), greater smoothness (316.98 SEsm vs. 220.95 SEsm < 0.001), more wrinkles (73.33 SEw vs. 62.15 SEw = 0.03), greater surface area (836.14% vs. 696.31%. < 0.001), greater contrast (2.02 AU vs. 1.31 AU = 0.01), greater variance (6.22 AU vs. 4.96 AU < 0.001) and a lower number of cells (105.5 vs. 132.5 < 0.001) compared to unaffected healthy skin, reflecting a decrease in skin quality in AD patients. : Both skin barrier function and skin topography are damaged in patients with AD, with differences between healthy skin and flexural eczema.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种发病率不断上升的慢性炎症性皮肤病。皮肤屏障功能障碍在该病中起重要作用。据观察，AD患者的经表皮水分流失（TEWL）较高，角质层水合作用（SCH）较低；然而，关于这种病理状态下的皮肤微观形貌的信息却很少。本研究的目的是评估AD患者的皮肤屏障功能障碍和结构变化。
进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了AD患者。测量了健康皮肤和屈侧湿疹性皮损的皮肤屏障功能参数（TEWL、温度、红斑、pH值、皮肤水合作用、弹性）以及其他形貌参数（鳞屑、皱纹、光滑度、表面、对比度、方差）。
该研究共纳入了32例AD患者。屈侧湿疹性皮损的红斑程度更高（369.12任意单位（AU）对223.89 AU，<0.001），TEWL更高（27.24 g/h/m对13.51 g/h/m，<0.001），SCH更低（20.3 AU对31.88 AU，<0.001），弹性更低（0.56%对0.65%，=0.05）。关于形貌参数，与未受影响的健康皮肤相比，屈侧湿疹性皮损表现出更大的鳞屑（5.57 SEsc对0.29 SEsc，=0.02）、更大的光滑度（316.98 SEsm对220.95 SEsm <0.001）、更多的皱纹（73.33 SEw对62.15 SEw =0.03）、更大的表面积（836.14%对696.31%，<0.001）、更大的对比度（2.02 AU对1.31 AU =0.01）、更大的方差（6.22 AU对4.96 AU <0.001）以及更少的细胞数量（105.5对132.5，<0.001），这反映了AD患者皮肤质量的下降。
AD患者的皮肤屏障功能和皮肤形貌均受损，健康皮肤与屈侧湿疹之间存在差异。
