College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 30;25(19):10548. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910548.
The alternative splicing of pre-mRNA generates distinct mRNA variants from a pre-mRNA, thereby modulating a gene's function. The splicing of pre-mRNA depends on splice sites and regulatory elements in pre-mRNA, as well as the snRNA and proteins that recognize these sequences. Among these, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are the primary regulators of pre-mRNA splicing and play a critical role in the regulation of alternative splicing by recognizing the elements in pre-mRNA. However, little is known about the function of RBPs in stress response in plants. Here, we summarized the RBPs involved in the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and their recognizing elements in pre-mRNA, and the recent advance in the role of RBP-mediated alternative splicing in response to abiotic stresses in plants. This review proposes that the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing by RBPs is an important way for plants to adapt to abiotic stresses, and the regulation of alternative splicing by RBPs is a promising direction for crop breeding.
前体 mRNA 的可变剪接从前体 mRNA 产生不同的 mRNA 变体，从而调节基因的功能。前体 mRNA 的剪接取决于前体 mRNA 中的剪接位点和调节元件，以及识别这些序列的 snRNA 和蛋白质。其中，RNA 结合蛋白 (RBP) 是前体 mRNA 剪接的主要调节剂，通过识别前体 mRNA 中的元件，在前体 mRNA 剪接调控中发挥关键作用。然而，关于 RBP 在植物应激反应中的功能知之甚少。本文总结了参与前体 mRNA 可变剪接的 RBP 及其在前体 mRNA 中识别元件，以及 RBP 介导的可变剪接在植物应对非生物胁迫中的作用的最新进展。本综述提出，RBP 调节前体 mRNA 可变剪接是植物适应非生物胁迫的重要方式，RBP 调节可变剪接是作物育种的有前景的方向。
