Department of Community of Acute and Chronic Care, School of Nursing, The George Washington University, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 6;25(19):10751. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910751.
The co-occurrence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in older adults highlights the necessity for the exploration of potential shared risk factors. A total of 566 adults were selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 111 individuals with AD, 383 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 410 with CVD. The multivariable linear mixed model (LMM) was used to investigate the associations of AD and CVD with longitudinal changes in 146 plasma proteomic biomarkers (measured at baseline and the 12-month follow-up). The LMM showed that 48 biomarkers were linked to AD and 46 to CVD ( < 0.05). Both AD and CVD were associated with longitudinal changes in 14 biomarkers (α1Micro, ApoH, β2M, BNP, complement C3, cystatin C, KIM1, NGAL, PPP, TIM1, THP, TFF3, TM, and VEGF), and both MCI and CVD were associated with 12 biomarkers (ApoD, AXL, BNP, Calcitonin, CD40, C-peptide, pM, PPP, THP, TNFR2, TTR, and VEGF), suggesting intricate connections between cognitive decline and cardiovascular health. Among these, the Tamm Horsfall Protein (THP) was associated with AD, MCI, CVD, and -ε4. This study provides valuable insights into shared and distinct biological markers and mechanisms underlying AD and CVD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）和心血管疾病（CVDs）在老年人中的共同发生凸显了探索潜在共同风险因素的必要性。总共从阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议（ADNI）数据库中选择了 566 名成年人，包括 111 名 AD 患者、383 名轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者和 410 名 CVD 患者。多变量线性混合模型（LMM）用于研究 AD 和 CVD 与 146 种血浆蛋白质组生物标志物（在基线和 12 个月随访时测量）的纵向变化之间的关联。LMM 显示，48 种生物标志物与 AD 相关，46 种与 CVD 相关（<0.05）。AD 和 CVD 均与 14 种生物标志物（α1Micro、ApoH、β2M、BNP、补体 C3、胱抑素 C、KIM1、NGAL、PPP、TIM1、THP、TFF3、TM 和 VEGF）的纵向变化相关，MCI 和 CVD 均与 12 种生物标志物（ApoD、AXL、BNP、降钙素、CD40、C-肽、pM、PPP、THP、TNFR2、TTR 和 VEGF）相关，表明认知能力下降和心血管健康之间存在错综复杂的联系。其中，Tamm Horsfall Protein（THP）与 AD、MCI、CVD 和 ε4 相关。这项研究为 AD 和 CVD 的共同和独特的生物标志物和机制提供了有价值的见解。
