Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 8;25(19):10796. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910796.
Cancer treatment continues to be a substantial problem due to tumor complexities and persistence, demanding novel therapeutic techniques. This review investigates the synergistic potential of combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and tailored medication delivery technologies to increase mitochondrial toxicity and improve cancer outcomes. PDT induces selective cellular damage and death by activating photosensitizers (PS) with certain wavelengths of light. However, PDT's efficacy can be hampered by issues such as poor light penetration and a lack of selectivity. To overcome these challenges, targeted drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising technique for precisely delivering therapeutic medicines to tumor cells while avoiding off-target effects. We investigate how these technologies can improve mitochondrial targeting and damage, which is critical for causing cancer cell death. The combination method seeks to capitalize on the advantages of both modalities: selective PDT activation and specific targeted drug delivery. We review current preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of this combination therapy, focusing on case studies and experimental models. This review also addresses issues such as safety, distribution efficiency, resistance mechanisms, and costs. The prospects of further research include advances in photodynamic agents and medication delivery technology, with a focus on personalized treatment. In conclusion, combining PDT with targeted drug delivery systems provides a promising frontier in cancer therapy, with the ability to overcome current treatment limits and open the way for more effective, personalized cancer treatments.
由于肿瘤的复杂性和持久性，癌症治疗仍然是一个重大问题，需要新的治疗技术。本综述探讨了光动力疗法（PDT）与定制药物输送技术相结合的协同潜力，以增加线粒体毒性并改善癌症治疗效果。PDT 通过用特定波长的光激活光敏剂（PS）来诱导选择性细胞损伤和死亡。然而，PDT 的疗效可能会受到一些问题的影响，如光穿透不良和缺乏选择性。为了克服这些挑战，靶向药物输送系统已成为一种有前途的技术，可以精确地将治疗药物递送到肿瘤细胞，同时避免脱靶效应。我们研究这些技术如何改善线粒体靶向和损伤，这对于引起癌细胞死亡至关重要。这种联合方法旨在利用两种方式的优势：选择性 PDT 激活和特定的靶向药物输送。我们综述了支持这种联合治疗的当前临床前和临床证据，重点关注案例研究和实验模型。本综述还讨论了安全性、分布效率、耐药机制和成本等问题。进一步研究的前景包括光动力剂和药物输送技术的进步，重点是个性化治疗。总之，将 PDT 与靶向药物输送系统相结合为癌症治疗提供了一个有前途的前沿领域，有能力克服当前的治疗限制，并为更有效、个性化的癌症治疗开辟道路。
