Laboratory of Neuromuscular System and Rehabilitation Engineering, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;24(19):6363. doi: 10.3390/s24196363.
Despite the progress in the development of innovative EEG acquisition systems, their use in dynamic applications is still limited by motion artifacts compromising the interpretation of the collected signals. Therefore, extensive research on the genesis of motion artifacts in EEG recordings is still needed to optimize existing technologies, shedding light on possible solutions to overcome the current limitations. We identified three potential sources of motion artifacts occurring at three different levels of a traditional biopotential acquisition chain: the skin-electrode interface, the connecting cables between the detection and the acquisition systems, and the electrode-amplifier system. The identified sources of motion artifacts were modelled starting from experimental observations carried out on EEG signals. Consequently, we designed customized EEG electrode systems aiming at experimentally disentangling the possible causes of motion artifacts. Both analytical and experimental observations indicated two main residual sites responsible for motion artifacts: the connecting cables between the electrodes and the amplifier and the sudden changes in electrode-skin impedance due to electrode movements. We concluded that further advancements in EEG technology should focus on the transduction stage of the biopotentials amplification chain, such as the electrode technology and its interfacing with the acquisition system.
尽管在开发创新的 EEG 采集系统方面取得了进展，但由于运动伪影会影响采集信号的解释，其在动态应用中的使用仍然受到限制。因此，仍然需要对 EEG 记录中的运动伪影的成因进行广泛研究，以优化现有技术，为克服当前的局限性提供可能的解决方案。我们在传统生物电势采集链的三个不同级别上确定了三个可能的运动伪影源：皮肤-电极界面、检测和采集系统之间的连接电缆以及电极-放大器系统。从对 EEG 信号进行的实验观察出发，对识别出的运动伪影源进行了建模。因此，我们设计了定制的 EEG 电极系统，旨在通过实验来分解运动伪影的可能原因。分析和实验观察都表明，两个主要的残留部位是导致运动伪影的原因：电极和放大器之间的连接电缆以及由于电极运动导致的电极-皮肤阻抗的突然变化。我们得出结论，进一步推进 EEG 技术应该集中在生物电势放大链的转换阶段，例如电极技术及其与采集系统的接口。
