Peng Su, Cui Yiyan, Yu Miao, Song Min, Tian Zhimei, Deng Dun, Liu Zhichang, Ma Xianyong
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Oct 9;14(19):2911. doi: 10.3390/ani14192911.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementing fermented mulberry leaves (FML) on intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in the gut of finishing pigs. Eighteen 132-day-old healthy crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) male castrated pigs were randomly divided into two treatment groups with nine replicates per group. The control (CON) group was fed the basal diet, and the FML group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 10% FML. The experiment lasted 69 days. The results showed that 10% FML improved gut health. The apparent total tract digestibility in dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acidic detergent fiber, ether extract, and crude ash increased in the 10% FML group of finishing pigs compared to the CON group ( < 0.05). Duodenal, jejunal, and ileal intestinal morphology, such as villus height and villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio, increased in the 10% FML group compared to the CON group, whereas crypt depth decreased in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum ( < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity increased in the ileum of the 10% FML group compared with the CON group ( < 0.05). The FML supplementation improved the contents of duodenal immunoglobulin A, jejunal interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, ileal interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interferon-γ, and immunoglobulins A and M compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Moreover, FML downregulated the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in the duodenum, Toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor-κ B-P65, and myeloid differentiation factor 88 in the jejunum, and Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κ B-P65 in the ileum ( < 0.05). The FML also upregulated Montrose uniting church 1 in the duodenum and claudin 2 in the ileum ( < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 10% FML improved the gut health of finishing pigs and FML is a potential feed ingredient for pig breeding.
本研究旨在探讨添加发酵桑叶（FML）对育肥猪肠道形态、抗氧化能力和肠道免疫功能的影响。选取18头132日龄健康的杂交（杜洛克×长白×约克夏）去势公猪，随机分为两个处理组，每组9个重复。对照组（CON）饲喂基础日粮，FML组饲喂添加10%FML的基础日粮。试验持续69天。结果表明，10%FML可改善肠道健康。与CON组相比，10%FML组育肥猪的干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪和粗灰分的表观全肠道消化率均有所提高（<0.05）。与CON组相比，10%FML组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肠道形态，如绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比增加，而十二指肠、空肠和回肠的隐窝深度降低（<0.05）。与CON组相比，10%FML组回肠的总抗氧化能力增强（<0.05）。与对照组相比，添加FML提高了十二指肠免疫球蛋白A、空肠白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-8、回肠白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6、干扰素-γ以及免疫球蛋白A和M的含量（<0.05）。此外，FML下调了十二指肠中肿瘤坏死因子-α、空肠中Toll样受体4、核因子-κB-P65和髓样分化因子88以及回肠中Toll样受体4和核因子-κB-P65的mRNA表达水平（<0.05）。FML还上调了十二指肠中的蒙特罗斯联合教堂1和回肠中的紧密连接蛋白2（<0.05）。总之，日粮中添加10%FML可改善育肥猪的肠道健康，FML是一种潜在的猪养殖饲料原料。
