Kitamoto Takuma, Mizushige Takafumi, Xie Xiaonan, Uematsu Taisei, Ogura Risako, Sato Kakeru, Yamazaki Yuki, Matsushita Tsubasa, Hasegawa Hiroshi
School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8585, Tochigi, Japan.
School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan.
Foods. 2024 Sep 25;13(19):3051. doi: 10.3390/foods13193051.
This study investigated the antistress effects of yuzu synthetic fragrances by employing three experiments on humans and mice using two yuzu synthetic fragrances and five single compounds. We prepared two synthetic fragrances based on the component analysis of two natural yuzu essential oils extracted by cold-pressed and steam-distilled extraction methods. Chromogranin A (CgA) and heart rate (HR) were used as stress indices in human experiments. Immobility time during the forced swim test was used as a stress index in mice experiments. We analyzed brain mechanisms by measuring the expression of neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in the mice experiments. Synthetic yuzu fragrance mimicked steam-distilled oil (SD) significantly reduced participants' heart rate in experiment 1. In the forced swim test conducted in experiment 2, SD significantly reduced immobility time, and increased the expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF, NGF, and NT-3 in the hippocampus of mice. In experiment 3, focusing on single compounds, terpinen-4-ol significantly reduced immobility time in the forced swim test. These findings indicate that inhalation of SD and terpinen-4-ol has antistress effects. Terpinen-4-ol is a strong candidate for further investigation as a potential stress-reducing agent.
本研究通过对人类和小鼠进行三项实验，使用两种柚子合成香料和五种单一化合物，探究了柚子合成香料的抗应激作用。我们基于通过冷压和水蒸气蒸馏提取方法提取的两种天然柚子精油的成分分析，制备了两种合成香料。在人体实验中，嗜铬粒蛋白A（CgA）和心率（HR）被用作应激指标。在小鼠实验中，强迫游泳试验中的不动时间被用作应激指标。在小鼠实验中，我们通过测量神经营养因子、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、神经生长因子（NGF）和神经营养因子-3（NT-3）的表达来分析脑机制。在实验1中，合成柚子香料模拟水蒸气蒸馏油（SD）显著降低了参与者的心率。在实验2进行的强迫游泳试验中，SD显著减少了不动时间，并增加了小鼠海马体中神经营养因子BDNF、NGF和NT-3的表达。在实验3中，聚焦于单一化合物，萜品-4-醇在强迫游泳试验中显著减少了不动时间。这些发现表明，吸入SD和萜品-4-醇具有抗应激作用。萜品-4-醇作为一种潜在的减压剂，是进一步研究的有力候选物。
