Salahuddin Aiman, Ashraf Azqa, Ahmad Khurshid, Hou Hu
State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299, Sansha Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266237, PR China; Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, Hainan Province 572024, PR China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266000, PR China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct 11:135803. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135803.
Achieving sustainable and controllable drug delivery is a highly effective disease treatment approach. Chitosan hydrogels, with their unique three-dimensional (3D) porous structures, offer tunable capacity, controllable degradation, various stimuli sensitivities, and the ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents. These characteristics provide chitosan hydrogels with inherent advantages as vehicles for drug delivery systems. In recent years, there has been a notable shift toward embracing the "back-to-nature" ethos, with biomass materials emerging as promising candidates for constructing chitosan hydrogels used in controlled drug release applications. This trend is sustained by their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxic properties, emphasizing their unique benefits and innovative features. These hydrogels exhibit sensitivity to various factors such as temperature, pH, ion concentration, light, magnetic fields, redox, ultrasound, and multi-responsiveness, offering opportunities for finely tuned drug release mechanisms. This review comprehensively outlines fabrication methods, properties, and biocompatibility of chitosan hydrogel, as well as modification strategies and stimuli-responsive mechanisms. Furthermore, their potential applications in subcutaneous (wound dressing), parental (transdermal drug delivery), oral (gastrointestinal tract), and facial (ophthalmic and brain) drug delivery are briefly discussed. The challenges in clinical application and the future outlook of chitosan-based smart hydrogel are also highlighted.
实现可持续和可控的药物递送是一种高效的疾病治疗方法。壳聚糖水凝胶具有独特的三维（3D）多孔结构，具备可调容量、可控降解、多种刺激敏感性以及封装治疗剂的能力。这些特性赋予壳聚糖水凝胶作为药物递送系统载体的固有优势。近年来，出现了明显的向“回归自然”理念转变的趋势，生物质材料成为构建用于控释药物应用的壳聚糖水凝胶的有前景的候选材料。这种趋势因其生物可降解性、生物相容性和无毒特性得以持续，凸显了它们的独特优势和创新特性。这些水凝胶对温度、pH值、离子浓度、光、磁场、氧化还原、超声等各种因素表现出敏感性以及多响应性，为精细调节药物释放机制提供了机会。本综述全面概述了壳聚糖水凝胶的制备方法、性质和生物相容性，以及改性策略和刺激响应机制。此外，还简要讨论了它们在皮下（伤口敷料）、肠胃外（透皮给药）、口服（胃肠道）和面部（眼科和脑部）药物递送中的潜在应用。还强调了壳聚糖基智能水凝胶在临床应用中的挑战和未来展望。
