Ciolacu Diana Elena, Nicu Raluca, Ciolacu Florin
"Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
Natural and Synthetic Polymers Department, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Nov 21;13(22):5270. doi: 10.3390/ma13225270.
Hydrogels, three-dimensional (3D) polymer networks, present unique properties, like biocompatibility, biodegradability, tunable mechanical properties, sensitivity to various stimuli, the capacity to encapsulate different therapeutic agents, and the ability of controlled release of the drugs. All these characteristics make hydrogels important candidates for diverse biomedical applications, one of them being drug delivery. The recent achievements of hydrogels as safe transport systems, with desired therapeutic effects and with minimum side effects, brought outstanding improvements in this area. Moreover, results from the utilization of hydrogels as target therapy strategies obtained in clinical trials are very encouraging for future applications. In this regard, the review summarizes the general concepts related to the types of hydrogel delivery systems, their properties, the main release mechanisms, and the administration pathways at different levels (oral, dermal, ocular, nasal, gastrointestinal tract, vaginal, and cancer therapy). After a general presentation, the review is focused on recent advances in the design, preparation and applications of innovative cellulose-based hydrogels in controlled drug delivery.
水凝胶，即三维（3D）聚合物网络，具有独特的性质，如生物相容性、生物可降解性、可调节的机械性能、对各种刺激的敏感性、封装不同治疗剂的能力以及药物控释能力。所有这些特性使水凝胶成为各种生物医学应用的重要候选材料，其中之一就是药物递送。水凝胶作为安全的运输系统，具有理想的治疗效果且副作用最小，其近期取得的成果给该领域带来了显著的进步。此外，在临床试验中利用水凝胶作为靶向治疗策略所获得的结果对未来应用非常鼓舞人心。在这方面，本综述总结了与水凝胶递送系统类型、其性质、主要释放机制以及不同给药途径（口服、皮肤、眼部、鼻腔、胃肠道、阴道和癌症治疗）相关的一般概念。在进行总体介绍之后，本综述重点关注创新型纤维素基水凝胶在控释药物递送方面的设计、制备和应用的最新进展。
