Colbeth Hilary L, Goldman-Mellor Sidra, Eisen Ellen A, Neumann Krista, Catalano Ralph, Riddell Corinne A
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, USA.
SSM Ment Health. 2024 Jun;5. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100316. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
United States emergency departments (ED) visit rates for nonfatal self-harm increased by 42% from 2001 to 2016. Previous suicide mortality research has provided conflicting evidence on the use of suicide-related Internet searches as a surveillance tool for self-harm and suicidal ideation. However, few have used rigorous approaches to account for autocorrelation at the aggregate level, and none have focused on Internet searches related to suicide prevention.
Over a 9-year study period (2007-2015), suicidality-related search data were extracted using the Google Health Application Programming Interface (API) for Arizona and California - states, chosen for their differing age distributions and rigorous ED injury coding policies. We examined several combined suicide prevention-related search queries. Using autoregressive integration moving average (ARIMA) models and a Box-Jenkins approach, we assessed whether increased prevention-related Internet searches related to suicidality are predictive of lower subsequent ED visits related to suicidal ideation with or without self-harm injury. In both states, greater prevention-related queries were associated with lower ED visits approximately four to six weeks later.
Our results indicate that Internet-based search volumes related to suicide prevention may have the potential to monitor suicidality and online suicide prevention resources offer meaningful opportunities for mental health support.
从2001年到2016年，美国急诊科非致命性自我伤害的就诊率上升了42%。先前的自杀死亡率研究在将与自杀相关的互联网搜索用作自我伤害和自杀意念监测工具方面提供了相互矛盾的证据。然而，很少有人采用严谨的方法来考虑总体层面的自相关性，而且没有人关注与自杀预防相关的互联网搜索。
在9年的研究期间（2007 - 2015年），利用谷歌健康应用程序编程接口（API）提取了亚利桑那州和加利福尼亚州与自杀倾向相关的搜索数据，选择这两个州是因为它们不同的年龄分布以及严谨的急诊科伤害编码政策。我们研究了几个与自杀预防相关的综合搜索查询。使用自回归积分移动平均（ARIMA）模型和博克斯 - 詹金斯方法，我们评估了与自杀倾向相关的、增加的预防相关互联网搜索是否能预测随后与有或无自我伤害的自杀意念相关的急诊科就诊率降低。在这两个州，更多的预防相关查询与大约四到六周后较低的急诊科就诊率相关。
我们的结果表明，与自杀预防相关的基于互联网的搜索量可能有监测自杀倾向的潜力，并且在线自杀预防资源为心理健康支持提供了有意义的机会。
