Whiteman Shawn D, Zhou Weimiao, Serang Sarfaraz, Maiya Sahitya, Kelly Brian C, Mustillo Sarah A, Maggs Jennifer L
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Addiction. 2025 Feb;120(2):358-367. doi: 10.1111/add.16687. Epub 2024 Oct 20.
Research demonstrates that siblings, especially older siblings, make unique contributions to adolescents' substance use above and beyond shared genetics and shared parenting. Older siblings' influences on younger adolescent siblings' alcohol use operate through both direct and indirect pathways. Using three waves of longitudinal data, the present study tested an integrated model of sibling influence processes focused on the linkages between older adolescent siblings' earlier alcohol use and younger adolescent siblings' later alcohol use.
Longitudinal study using data collected from families on three occasions: Time 1 (March 2019-February 2020), Time 2 (July 2020-February 2021) and Time 3 (November 2021-February 2022) via online surveys.
Families resided in five midwestern states in the US (Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin).
Participants included two adolescent-aged siblings and one parent from 682 families (n = 2046 persons).
Alcohol use by adolescents and parents was assessed at Time 1; younger siblings' social alcohol expectancies and perceptions of modeling were measured at Time 2; and younger siblings' alcohol use was measured at Time 3.
Older siblings' earlier alcohol use predicted younger siblings' later drinking both directly [b = 0.15, standard error (SE) = 0.04, β = 0.17, P < 0.001] and indirectly through younger siblings' social alcohol expectancies [δ = 0.02, SE = 0.008, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.003, 0.03]. The direct (δ = -0.14, SE = 0.07, 95% CI = -0.27, -0.01) and indirect (δ = 0.03, SE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.0001, 0.06) links were further moderated by younger siblings' reports of sibling modeling, but not by gender composition of the sibling dyad or the interaction of modeling and gender composition.
Older siblings' alcohol use appears to influence younger siblings' later alcohol use directly, as well as indirectly through younger siblings' expectancies about alcohol. The global context of the sibling relationship, in this case sibling modeling, may further amplify or dampen these pathways of influence.
研究表明，兄弟姐妹，尤其是年长的兄弟姐妹，对青少年的物质使用有着独特的影响，这种影响超出了共同基因和共同养育的范畴。年长的兄弟姐妹对年幼的青少年兄弟姐妹饮酒行为的影响通过直接和间接两种途径发挥作用。本研究利用三波纵向数据，测试了一个关于兄弟姐妹影响过程的综合模型，该模型聚焦于年长的青少年兄弟姐妹早期饮酒行为与年幼的青少年兄弟姐妹后期饮酒行为之间的联系。
纵向研究，通过在线调查在三个时间点从家庭收集数据：时间1（2019年3月至2020年2月）、时间2（2020年7月至2021年2月）和时间3（2021年11月至2022年2月）。
家庭居住在美国中西部的五个州（伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州、俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州和威斯康星州）。
参与者包括来自682个家庭的两名青少年兄弟姐妹和一名家长（n = 2046人）。
在时间1评估青少年和家长的饮酒情况；在时间2测量年幼兄弟姐妹对社交饮酒的期望和对榜样行为的认知；在时间3测量年幼兄弟姐妹的饮酒情况。
年长兄弟姐妹早期的饮酒行为直接预测了年幼兄弟姐妹后期的饮酒行为[b = 0.15，标准误差（SE）= 0.04，β = 0.17，P < 0.001]，并且通过年幼兄弟姐妹对社交饮酒的期望间接预测[δ = 0.02，SE = 0.008，95%置信区间（CI）= 0.003，0.03]。直接联系（δ = -0.14，SE = 0.07，95% CI = -0.27，-0.01）和间接联系（δ = 0.03，SE = 0.02，95% CI = 0.0001，0.06）进一步受到年幼兄弟姐妹对榜样行为报告的调节，但不受兄弟姐妹二元组的性别构成或榜样行为与性别构成相互作用的调节。
年长兄弟姐妹的饮酒行为似乎直接影响年幼兄弟姐妹后期饮酒行为，也通过年幼兄弟姐妹对酒精的期望间接影响。兄弟姐妹关系的整体背景，在本研究中即榜样行为，可能会进一步放大或减弱这些影响途径。
