Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Department of Cell Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2024 Nov;1541(1):83-99. doi: 10.1111/nyas.15246. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
The neuroendocrine control of puberty and reproduction is fascinatingly complex, with up- and down-regulation of key reproductive hormones during fetal, infantile, and later childhood periods that determine the correct function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the timing of puberty. Neuronal development is a vital element of these processes, and multiple conditions of disordered puberty and reproduction have their etiology in abnormal neuronal migration or function. Although there are numerous documented cases across multiple conditions wherein patients have both neurodevelopmental disorders and pubertal abnormalities, this has mostly been described ad hoc and the associations are not clearly documented. In this review, we aim to describe the overlap between these two groups of conditions and to increase awareness to ensure that puberty and reproductive function are carefully monitored in patients with neurodevelopmental conditions, and vice versa. Moreover, this commonality can be explored for clues about the disease mechanisms in these patient groups and provide new avenues for therapeutic interventions for affected individuals.
青春期和生殖的神经内分泌控制非常复杂，在胎儿、婴儿和儿童后期期间，关键生殖激素的上调和下调决定了下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的正常功能和青春期的时间。神经元发育是这些过程的重要组成部分，多种青春期和生殖障碍的病因是神经元迁移或功能异常。尽管在许多情况下都有患者同时存在神经发育障碍和青春期异常的大量记录病例，但这些都是临时描述的，其关联并未明确记录。在这篇综述中，我们旨在描述这两组病症之间的重叠，并提高认识，以确保在患有神经发育病症的患者中仔细监测青春期和生殖功能，反之亦然。此外，可以探索这些患者群体中疾病机制的共同点，为受影响个体提供治疗干预的新途径。
