Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 21;19(10):e0308196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308196. eCollection 2024.
Fermented Chinese medicine (FCM), as a functional feed additive, has been widely recognized to play a significant role in protecting the intestinal health of piglets and enhancing productive performance. However, the relationship between the active components of FCM, gut microbiota, and their beneficial effects on animal performance remains unclear. In this study, metabolomics analysis revealed a significant increase in the main contents of lactic acid and propionic acid in FCM, while most glycosides and their derivatives decreased after three days of microbial fermentation. Subsequently, piglets were fed a basic diet supplemented with 1% FCM, while the control group received only the basic diet. The results indicated a significant increase in feed intake and average daily gain within 14 days (P<0.05) due to FCM supplementation. Additionally, FCM significantly improved feed efficiency from 1.76 to 1.50 (P<0.05), and piglets in the FCM group exhibited significantly lower frequencies of diarrhea and coughing, which indicated improved health condition by FCM. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed higher abundances of Lactobacillus agilis, Megasphaera elsdenii, Ligilactobacillus, and Veillonellaceae in FCM group. In summary, FCM increased the content of active metabolites through microbial fermentation and regulated the intestinal microbiota to improve the health of piglets. FCM offers a promising potential for enhancing production performance and economic efficiency in the livestock industry.
发酵中药（FCM）作为一种功能性饲料添加剂，被广泛认为在保护仔猪肠道健康和提高生产性能方面发挥着重要作用。然而，FCM 的活性成分、肠道微生物群及其对动物性能的有益影响之间的关系尚不清楚。在这项研究中，代谢组学分析显示 FCM 中的主要乳酸和丙酸含量显著增加，而大多数糖苷及其衍生物在微生物发酵三天后减少。随后，仔猪被喂食基础日粮，其中添加 1%的 FCM，而对照组只喂食基础日粮。结果表明，由于 FCM 的补充，在 14 天内饲料摄入量和平均日增重显著增加（P<0.05）。此外，FCM 显著提高了饲料效率，从 1.76 提高到 1.50（P<0.05），并且 FCM 组的仔猪腹泻和咳嗽的频率明显降低，这表明 FCM 改善了健康状况。此外，高通量测序分析显示 FCM 组中的乳杆菌、巨球形菌、液化链球菌和韦荣氏球菌科的丰度更高。综上所述，FCM 通过微生物发酵增加了活性代谢物的含量，并调节了肠道微生物群，从而改善了仔猪的健康状况。FCM 为提高畜牧业的生产性能和经济效益提供了有前途的潜力。
