Department of Neonatology, Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, China.
School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Clin Respir J. 2024 Oct;18(10):e70030. doi: 10.1111/crj.70030.
This study systematically analyzes the relationship of vitamin A on the neonatal respiratory diseases. An extensive literature search for relevant studies was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and so on. After screening in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles on vitamin A deficiency and 12 articles on vitamin A supplementation were included. Stata 17.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis, heterogeneity test, and sensitivity analysis, and the corresponding mathematical model was used to merge the data. The meta-analysis results of the relationship between vitamin A deficiency and neonatal respiratory diseases indicated that compared with the neonates with normal vitamin A, the neonates with vitamin A deficiency had adverse health outcomes of neonatal respiratory diseases (OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 2.68-8.84), of which neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) (OR = 4.10, 95% CI: 2.32-7.23) and neonatal pneumonia (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.18-4.77) were analyzed by subgroup analysis. The meta-analysis of the relationship between vitamin A supplementation therapy and neonatal respiratory diseases showed that vitamin A supplementation was an effective therapeutic measure for neonatal respiratory diseases (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04-1.07): NRDS (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.05) and NBPD (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15). The funnel chart method results show that there was publication bias in studies on vitamin A deficiency induced to and vitamin A supplementation therapy for neonatal respiratory diseases. The sensitivity analysis results showed that excluding some special article had some effect on the final pooled effect. But generally speaking, the result of meta-analysis was stable. There is a statistical correlation of vitamin A on the neonatal respiratory diseases from two aspects of etiological exploration and effect evaluation of treatment.
本研究系统分析了维生素 A 与新生儿呼吸疾病的关系。通过在 PubMed、Web of Science 等数据库中进行广泛的文献检索，筛选出 12 篇关于维生素 A 缺乏症和 12 篇关于维生素 A 补充的相关研究。采用 Stata17.0 软件进行 Meta 分析、异质性检验和敏感性分析，并采用相应的数学模型对数据进行合并。维生素 A 缺乏与新生儿呼吸疾病关系的 Meta 分析结果表明，与维生素 A 正常的新生儿相比，维生素 A 缺乏的新生儿有不良的新生儿呼吸疾病结局（OR=4.86，95%CI：2.68-8.84），其中新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）（OR=4.10，95%CI：2.32-7.23）和新生儿肺炎（OR=3.22，95%CI：2.18-4.77）进行了亚组分析。维生素 A 补充治疗与新生儿呼吸疾病关系的 Meta 分析表明，维生素 A 补充治疗是新生儿呼吸疾病的有效治疗措施（RR=1.06，95%CI：1.04-1.07）：NRDS（RR=1.03，95%CI：1.02-1.05）和 NBPD（RR=1.08，95%CI：1.01-1.15）。漏斗图法结果表明，维生素 A 缺乏诱导和维生素 A 补充治疗新生儿呼吸疾病的研究存在发表偏倚。敏感性分析结果表明，排除一些特殊文章对最终汇总效果有一定影响。但总体而言，Meta 分析的结果是稳定的。从病因探索和治疗效果评价两个方面来看，维生素 A 与新生儿呼吸疾病存在统计学相关性。
