School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Sycamore Research Institute of Life Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
New Phytol. 2024 Dec;244(6):2163-2169. doi: 10.1111/nph.20201. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
Light is essential not only for photosynthesis but also for the regulation of various physiological and developmental processes in plants. While the mechanisms by which light regulates transcription and protein stability are well established, the effects of light on RNA methylation and their subsequent impact on plant growth and development are less understood. Upon exposure to blue light, the photoreceptor cryptochromes form nuclear speckles or nuclear bodies, termed CRY photobodies. The CRY2 photobodies undergo light-induced homo-oligomerization and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which are crucial for their physiological activity. Recent studies have proposed that blue light-induced CRY2 LLPS increases the local concentration or directly enhances the biochemical activities of RNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) methyltransferases, thus, to regulate circadian clock and maintain Chl homeostasis through processes of RNA decay or translation. This review aimed to elucidate the functions of CRY2 and LLPS in RNA methylation, focusing on the light-controlled reversible phase transitions regulon and the outstanding questions that remain in RNA methylation.
光是植物光合作用所必需的，也是各种生理和发育过程调节所必需的。虽然光调节转录和蛋白质稳定性的机制已经得到很好的阐明，但光对 RNA 甲基化的影响及其对植物生长发育的后续影响知之甚少。在暴露于蓝光下时，光受体隐花色素形成核斑点或核体，称为 CRY 光体。CRY2 光体发生光诱导的同型寡聚化和液-液相分离（LLPS），这对其生理活性至关重要。最近的研究表明，蓝光诱导的 CRY2 LLPS 增加了 RNA N6-甲基腺苷（mA）甲基转移酶的局部浓度或直接增强了其生化活性，从而通过 RNA 降解或翻译过程来调节生物钟并维持叶绿素稳态。本综述旨在阐明 CRY2 和 LLPS 在 RNA 甲基化中的功能，重点介绍光控可逆相转变调控因子和 RNA 甲基化中仍存在的悬而未决的问题。
