Cho In-Jeong, Shin Mi-Seung
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
Korean J Intern Med. 2025 Jan;40(1):15-23. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2024.077. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking are the primary modifiable risk factors contributing to the increasing morbidity and mortality rates from cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Korean women. Significant sex-related differences exist in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of these risk factors, highlighting the importance of age- and sex-specific approaches to the management and prevention of CVD. Notably, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus increases with age, with a higher prevalence in elderly women compared to men. Dyslipidemia and obesity are also trending upward, particularly in postmenopausal women, highlighting the impact of menopause on cardiovascular risk. The present review advocates for improved diagnostic, therapeutic, and educational efforts to mitigate the risk of CVD among Korean women, with the goals of reducing the overall burden of the disease and promoting better cardiovascular health outcomes.
高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖和吸烟是导致韩国女性心血管疾病（CVD）发病率和死亡率上升的主要可改变风险因素。这些风险因素在患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率方面存在显著的性别差异，凸显了针对年龄和性别的CVD管理及预防方法的重要性。值得注意的是，高血压和糖尿病的患病率随年龄增长而增加，老年女性的患病率高于男性。血脂异常和肥胖也呈上升趋势，尤其是在绝经后女性中，这凸显了绝经对心血管风险的影响。本综述主张加强诊断、治疗和教育工作，以降低韩国女性患CVD的风险，目标是减轻该疾病的总体负担并促进更好的心血管健康结果。
