Gafirita James, Musarurwa Cuthbert, Ntaganda Evariste, Uwimana Marguerite, Hirwa Aime Dieudonne, Mukahigiro Mediatrice, Twizelimana Laetitia, Nshimirimana Marie Louise, Rulisa Stephen, Bavuma Charlotte, Ivan Emile, Tumusiime David K
Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Rwanda Biomedical Center (RBC), Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 Oct 17;17:3803-3816. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S477481. eCollection 2024.
The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases is escalating in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) alongside the prevailing high burden of communicable diseases. Although many countries in SSA, including Rwanda, have existing data on the prevalence of individual components of the MetS, many SSA countries have insufficient data to guide policy makers on the magnitude of MetS. This study sought to determine the magnitude of MetS and its associated risk factors by sex at a referral teaching hospital in Rwanda.
A cross-sectional, study was conducted among adults aged 35 to 65 years presenting at Ruhengeri Referral Teaching Hospital, Rwanda. We collected socio-clinicodemographic data using the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise tool for non-communicable diseases. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for MetS.
Overall, 99 (23.5%) males and 322 (76.5%) female participants with mean ± SD age 47.5 ± 8.2 years were enrolled. The overall frequency of MetS was 51.9% (95% CI: 47.0-56.8) and was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in females 193 (59.4%) compared to males 26 (26.3%). Significant differences by sex were also noted in the proportions of visceral obesity; 70.4% vs 7.1% (p < 0.001), hypoalphalipoproteinaemia 36.1% vs 69.7% (p < 0.0001), type 2 diabetes mellitus; 18.4% vs 31.6% (p = 0.020) and body mass index 25.9 ± 15.6 vs 28.2 ± 6.4 (p = 0.032). On multivariate logistic regression, older age (odds ratio (OR) 1.05; 95% confidence interval ((CI) 1.01-1.10)), higher body weight (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.04-1.08) and higher total cholesterol (1.25; 95% CI 1.05 -1.74) were significantly associated with MetS in females; whereas only higher body weight (OR1.10; 95% CI 1.04-1.18) was significantly associated with MetS in males.
A high frequency of MetS was observed in the present study, which was higher among females. Our findings emphasize the need for tailored prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate the long-term impact of MetS.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区心血管代谢疾病的患病率不断上升，同时传染病负担依然沉重。尽管包括卢旺达在内的许多SSA国家已有关于代谢综合征（MetS）各个组成部分患病率的数据，但许多SSA国家的数据不足以指导政策制定者了解MetS的严重程度。本研究旨在确定卢旺达一家转诊教学医院中按性别划分的MetS严重程度及其相关危险因素。
在卢旺达鲁亨盖里转诊教学医院对35至65岁的成年人进行了一项横断面研究。我们使用世界卫生组织（WHO）的非传染性疾病逐步调查工具收集社会临床人口统计学数据。我们采用美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组第三次报告的标准来诊断MetS。
总体而言，共纳入了99名（23.5%）男性和322名（76.5%）女性参与者，平均年龄±标准差为47.5±8.2岁。MetS的总体发生率为51.9%（95%置信区间：47.0 - 56.8），女性中的发生率显著高于男性，女性为193例（59.4%），男性为26例（26.3%）（p < 0.001）。在内脏肥胖、低高密度脂蛋白血症、2型糖尿病的比例以及体重指数方面，两性之间也存在显著差异；分别为70.4%对7.1%（p < 0.001）、36.1%对69.7%（p < 0.0001）、18.4%对31.6%（p = 0.020）以及25.9±15.6对28.2±6.4（p = 0.032）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，年龄较大（优势比（OR）1.05；95%置信区间（CI）1.01 - 1.10）、体重较高（OR 1.06；95% CI 1.04 - 1.08）和总胆固醇水平较高（1.25；95% CI 1.05 - 1.74）与女性的MetS显著相关；而在男性中，只有体重较高（OR 1.10；95% CI 1.04 - 1.18）与MetS显著相关。
本研究中观察到MetS的发生率较高，女性中的发生率更高。我们的研究结果强调需要制定针对性的预防和干预策略，以减轻MetS的长期影响。
