Chandrika K S V Poorna, Prasad R D, Prasanna S Lakshmi, Shrey B, Kavya M
ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500030, India.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 2;10(19):e38816. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38816. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
The use of microbe-based biological control for crop pests is recognized as an environmentally safe substitute for conventional chemical pesticides. However, the practical application of microbial inoculants in large-scale agriculture is underexplored, impeding their widespread commercial adoption. This study addresses the scarcity of research on effective delivery methods for microbial inoculants, particularly through seed coating, which has the potential to be a cost- and time-efficient strategy in crop management. In this research, the strain Th4d, a biological control agent (BCA), was incorporated into specially formulated biopolymeric compositions based on chitosan and cellulose. The efficacy of this seed coating approach was tested against various soil- and seed-borne pathogens in oilseed crops, including soybean, groundnut, and safflower. Results indicate that safflower treated with the biopolymer chitosan-based Th4d 1 % liquid formulation blend exhibited a higher seed yield of 793 kg/ha, seed germination of 84.7 %, and a significant reduction in wilt and root rot by 64.7 %. In groundnut crops, the seed coating led to a seed germination rate of 88.6 %, a 72 % reduction in root rot incidence, and a seed yield of 3040 kg/ha. Similarly, soybean crops treated with the biopolymer chitosan and Th4d displayed 83.4 % seed germination, a 70.9 % reduction in root rot, and a seed yield of 1239 kg/ha. Further on-farm evaluations demonstrated promising results, with the biopolymer chitosan-based Th4d 1 % liquid formulation blend seed treatment showing a high incremental cost-benefit ratio in safflower (1:4.5), soybean (1:2.5), and groundnut crops (1:3.3). This study underscores the potential of microbe-based seed coating as a sustainable and economically viable strategy for pest management in oilseed crops."
利用基于微生物的生物防治方法来控制农作物害虫，被认为是一种对环境安全的传统化学农药替代品。然而，微生物接种剂在大规模农业中的实际应用尚未得到充分探索，这阻碍了它们在商业上的广泛采用。本研究旨在解决微生物接种剂有效施用方法研究的不足，特别是通过种子包衣，这有可能成为作物管理中一种经济高效的策略。在本研究中，将生防菌Th4d菌株掺入基于壳聚糖和纤维素的特制生物聚合物组合物中。在包括大豆、花生和红花在内的油料作物中，对这种种子包衣方法针对各种土壤传播和种子传播病原体的效果进行了测试。结果表明，用基于壳聚糖的Th4d 1%液体配方混合物处理的红花，种子产量更高，为793公斤/公顷，种子发芽率为84.7%，枯萎病和根腐病显著减少64.7%。在花生作物中，种子包衣使种子发芽率达到88.6%，根腐病发病率降低72%，种子产量为3040公斤/公顷。同样，用生物聚合物壳聚糖和Th4d处理的大豆作物，种子发芽率为83.4%，根腐病减少70.9%，种子产量为1,239公斤/公顷。进一步的田间评估显示出了良好的效果，基于壳聚糖的Th4d 1%液体配方混合物种子处理在红花（1:4.5）、大豆（1:2.5）和花生作物（1:3.3）中显示出较高的增量成本效益比。本研究强调了基于微生物的种子包衣作为油料作物害虫管理的可持续和经济可行策略的潜力。
