非洲区域国家公共卫生应急行动中心功能仿真演练：优势与差距评估

Functional Simulation Exercise on Functionality of National Public Health Emergency Operations Centers in the African Region: Review of Strengths and Gaps.

机构信息

Senait Tekeste Fekadu, MPH, MBA, is Unit Lead, Health Information and Risk Assessment; Abrham Lilay Gebrewahid, MPH, is an Emergency Management Specialist; Mary Stephen, MPH, is a Public Health Expert and Acting World Health Organization (WHO) Country Representative, Lesotho; Yan Kawe, MSc, is an Officer, Emergency Operations Center; Zewdu Assefa, MPH, is the Flagship Coordinator and Public Health Emergency of Concern (PHEOC) Officer; Olaolu Aderinola, MBBS, MPH, is a PHEOC Support Officer; Alle Baba Dieng, MSc, is Health Cluster Coordinator; Otim Patrick Ramadan, MBChB, MPH, is Team Lead, Acute Events Management; Alice Lado, MBBS, MPH, is a Technical Officer, Preparedness in Humanitarian Emergencies; Allan Mpairwe, MPH, is a Technical Officer, Risk Management and Preparedness; Erika Garcia, MPH, is a Technical Officer, Readiness; Ishata N. Conteh, MPH, PhD, Team Lead, Emergency Management Support; Fiona Braka, MD, MPH, is Program Manager; and Abdou Salam Gueye, MD, MPH, PhD, is Regional Emergency Director; all in Emergency Preparedness and Response, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. Ibrahima Sonko, MD, MPH-FETP, is a Technical Officer, Mathew T. M. Kol, PhD, MPH, is Principal Program Officer, Womi Eteng, MPH, MSc, MBA, is a Technical Officer, Merawi Aragaw, MD, MPH, is Head of Division, Division of Emergency Preparedness and Response; and Wessam Mankoula, MPP, is Regional Director, North Africa Regional Collaborating Center; all at the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Liz McGinley, MSc, PhD, is Emergency Preparedness Manager; Emily Collard is Project Manager; Tracy Ilunga, MPH, is a Project Officer; Vanessa Middlemiss, MSc, DHealth, DipEP, DipHEPRR, FEPS, is Strategic Lead; and Paul Furtado, PGCE, is Emergency Preparedness Manager; all with the International Health Regulations Strengthening Project, Emergency Preparedness, Resilience, and Response, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom. Timm Schneider, MSc, is a Physician and Research Associate, and Ariane Halm, MSc, is Deputy Head of Unit and Team Lead International Cooperation, Crisis Management Unit; both in the Infectious Disease Epidemiology Department, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Youssouf Kanouté, DVM, PhD, is a Technical Officer, and Jian Li, MBBS, MD, is Team Lead, Public Health Emergency Operations Centre Network (EOC-NET); both in Strategic Health Operations, Health Emergencies, Preparedness and Response, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Chol Thabo Yur, MD, MSPH, is a Health Specialist, UNICEF Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa, Amman, Jordan. Flavia Semedo, MD, is a Health Emergency Officer, WHO Country Office, Cabo Verde, Praia, Cabo Verde. Chuck Menchion, MBA, was a Policy Team Lead, Capacity Development, Global Emergency Management, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Emily Rosenfeld, JD, MPH, is Team Lead, Budget, Policy, and Legislation, Office of the Associate Director for Policy, Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Virgil Lokossou, PhD, is Director, HealthCare Services, West African Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria.

出版信息

Health Secur. 2024 Sep-Oct;22(5):353-362. doi: 10.1089/hs.2023.0104.

DOI:10.1089/hs.2023.0104

PMID:39436261

Abstract

National public health emergency operations centers (PHEOCs) serve as hubs for coordinating information and resources for effective emergency management. In the a simulation exercise is 1 of 4 components that can be used to test the functionality of a country's emergency response capabilities in a simulated situation. To test the functionality of PHEOCs in World Health Organization African Region member states, a regional functional exercise simulating an Ebola virus disease outbreak was conducted. The public health actions taken in response to the simulated outbreak were evaluated against the exercise objectives. Thematic analysis was conducted to summarize key strengths and areas for improvement. From December 6 to 7, 2022, more than 1,000 representatives from 36 of the 47 African Region member states participated in the exercise from their respective PHEOCs. Approximately 95% of the 461 participants polled agreed with the positive responses to the postexercise survey. More than half of the PHEOC participants were able to test their existing emergency preparedness and response plans and became familiar with the expected roles to be fulfilled during an event. Of the participants who responded to the survey, over 90% reported that the exercise helped them understand their roles during emergency management. The exercise met its objectives and provided an opportunity to test the functionality of PHEOCs using realistic scenarios, and it helped participants understand existing response systems and procedures. However, the exercise also revealed areas for improvement in terms of the timing and preparation of participants. We recommend conducting functional exercises at the regional and national levels at least once a year, early or midyear, to allow many stakeholders to take part in the exercise. Moreover, there is a need to train country-level evaluators and controllers in designing and conducting functional exercises.

摘要

国家公共卫生应急行动中心（PHEOC）是协调有效应急管理所需信息和资源的枢纽。在模拟演习中，它是可用于测试一个国家在模拟情况下应急响应能力的四个组成部分之一。为了测试世界卫生组织非洲区域成员国 PHEOC 的功能，进行了一次区域功能演习，模拟了埃博拉病毒病疫情爆发。根据演习目标，评估了针对模拟疫情采取的公共卫生行动。采用专题分析对关键优势和改进领域进行了总结。2022 年 12 月 6 日至 7 日，来自非洲区域 47 个成员国中的 36 个国家的 1000 多名代表在各自的 PHEOC 参加了此次演习。在接受调查的 461 名参与者中，约 95%的人同意对演习后的调查做出积极回应。超过一半的 PHEOC 参与者能够测试其现有的应急准备和响应计划，并熟悉在事件期间需要履行的预期角色。在回应调查的参与者中，超过 90%的人表示，演习帮助他们了解了在应急管理期间的角色。该演习达到了其目标，为使用现实场景测试 PHEOC 的功能提供了机会，并帮助参与者了解了现有的响应系统和程序。然而，演习也暴露出参与者的时间安排和准备方面的改进空间。我们建议在区域和国家层面每年至少进行一次功能演习，最好在年初或年中进行，以便让许多利益攸关方参与演习。此外，还需要培训国家一级的评估员和控制员来设计和开展功能演习。