Gainotti G, D'Erme P, Villa G, Caltagirone C
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1986 Jan;8(1):37-50. doi: 10.1080/01688638608401295.
Contrasting results have been obtained in previous investigations, which have used the standard version of Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices for studying the effects of localized brain lesion on visual-spatial intelligence. Some of these discrepancies might be due to the fact that specific factors, such as unilateral spatial neglect, could contribute to decreased performance obtained on Raven's test by patients with focal brain lesions. A new set of Colored Matrices, devised to minimize the influence of unilateral spatial neglect without changing the essential features of the original task, was therefore constructed. The test was administered to 76 normal controls, 74 right brain-damaged patients, 87 aphasics, and 61 nonaphasic left brain-damaged patients, in order to study the effect of laterality of lesions and of language impairment on Raven's scores. The results show that, if the influence of unilateral spatial neglect is minimized and Raven's scores are corrected in reference to age, educational level, and lesion size, then: no significant differences are observed between right and left brain-damaged patients; aphasics score worse than nonaphasic left brain-damaged patients; impairment is greater in patients with Wernicke's and Global aphasia (i.e., in patients with severe language comprehension disorders) than in patients classified as Broca's, Anomic, or Conduction aphasia; impairment is greater in patients with semantic-lexical discrimination errors than in patients free from semantic-lexical comprehension disorders.
先前的研究得出了相互矛盾的结果，这些研究使用瑞文彩色渐进矩阵的标准版本来研究局部脑损伤对视觉空间智力的影响。其中一些差异可能是由于特定因素，如单侧空间忽视，可能导致局灶性脑损伤患者在瑞文测试中表现下降。因此，构建了一组新的彩色矩阵，旨在在不改变原始任务基本特征的情况下，尽量减少单侧空间忽视的影响。对76名正常对照者、74名右脑损伤患者、87名失语症患者和61名非失语症左脑损伤患者进行了测试，以研究损伤的部位和语言障碍对瑞文分数的影响。结果表明，如果将单侧空间忽视的影响降至最低，并根据年龄、教育水平和损伤大小对瑞文分数进行校正，那么：右脑损伤患者和左脑损伤患者之间未观察到显著差异；失语症患者的得分比非失语症左脑损伤患者差；韦尼克失语症和完全性失语症患者（即严重语言理解障碍患者）的损伤比被归类为布罗卡失语症、命名性失语症或传导性失语症的患者更大；有语义词汇辨别错误的患者比没有语义词汇理解障碍的患者损伤更大。
