Gasymova Eva E, Evenhuis Janny V, Goldschmidt Stephanie, Arzi Boaz, Vapniarsky Natalia
1Tierklinik Aarau West, Oberentfelden, Switzerland.
2Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Oct 23;263(1):1-8. doi: 10.2460/javma.24.06.0414. Print 2025 Jan 1.
Determine the prevalence, types, and geographical distribution of oral tumors in dogs in Switzerland to provide insights into demographics, tumor characteristics, and trends.
The medical and pathology records of dogs diagnosed with oral tumors from 2012 to 2022 were sourced from diagnostic laboratories in Switzerland. The focus was on histopathologically confirmed oral neoplasms. Inflammatory, viral, and cystic lesions were excluded. Geographic trends were analyzed by use of postal addresses, revealing local distributions.
Of the 948 reports, 773 cases fulfilled the study's criteria. Benign tumors constituted 63% (487 of 773), with peripheral odontogenic fibroma being the most common (77.8% [379 of 487]). Among the malignant tumors, malignant melanoma was the most frequent (38.1% [109 of 286]), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (21% [60 of 286]) and fibrosarcoma (8% [23 of 286]). The locations of tumors varied, with a higher prevalence of malignant melanoma on the lips. Histopathologic findings indicated ulceration and necrosis were more common in malignant tumors. Significant differences were noted in the mitotic index between benign and malignant groups. No tumor predisposition was noted for any breed. Oral tumors were prevalent in older dogs (median age, 9.4 years).
The findings highlighted the predominance of benign tumors in dogs in Switzerland, with specific histopathologic features distinguishing benign from malignant cases.
Understanding the prevalence, types, and geographic distribution of oral tumors based on the representation in dogs in Switzerland may aid in early detection, appropriate diagnostic workup, and informed treatment planning for oral tumors in dogs.
确定瑞士犬口腔肿瘤的患病率、类型和地理分布，以深入了解其人口统计学、肿瘤特征和趋势。
从瑞士的诊断实验室获取2012年至2022年被诊断患有口腔肿瘤的犬的医学和病理记录。重点是组织病理学确诊的口腔肿瘤。炎症性、病毒性和囊性病变被排除在外。通过使用邮政地址分析地理趋势，揭示局部分布情况。
在948份报告中，773例符合研究标准。良性肿瘤占63%（773例中的487例），外周牙源性纤维瘤最为常见（77.8%[487例中的379例]）。在恶性肿瘤中，恶性黑色素瘤最为常见（38.1%[286例中的109例]），其次是鳞状细胞癌（21%[286例中的60例]）和纤维肉瘤（8%[286例中的23例]）。肿瘤位置各不相同，唇部恶性黑色素瘤的患病率较高。组织病理学结果表明，溃疡和坏死在恶性肿瘤中更为常见。良性和恶性组在有丝分裂指数上存在显著差异。未发现任何品种有肿瘤易感性。口腔肿瘤在老年犬中较为普遍（中位年龄9.4岁）。
研究结果突出了瑞士犬中良性肿瘤的优势，特定的组织病理学特征可区分良性和恶性病例。
基于瑞士犬的情况了解口腔肿瘤的患病率、类型和地理分布，可能有助于犬口腔肿瘤的早期检测、适当的诊断检查和明智的治疗规划。
